Objective(s): Naringin has been reported to regulate bone metabolism. However, its effect on osteogenesis remains unclear. The aim was to investigate the effect of naringin on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) through the activation of the ERK signaling pathway in osteogenic differentiation. Materials and Methods: Annexin V-FITC assay and MTT assay ...

It has been suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in Toll-like receptors (TLRs) pathway may exhibit broad effects on function of this network and might contribute to a range of human diseases. However, the extent to which these variations affect TLR signaling is not well understood. In this study, we adopted a bioinformatics approach to predict the consequences...

as an aromatic and colorful plant of substantive taste, saffron (crocus sativus l.) owes such properties of matter to growing class of the secondary metabolites derived from the carotenoids, apocarotenoids. regarding the critical role of micrornas in secondary metabolic synthesis and the limited number of identified mirnas in c. sativus, on the other hand, one may see the point how the characte...

Expression analysis and variant calling workflows are employed to identify genes that either exhibit a differential behaviour or have a significant functional impact of mutations. This is always followed by pathway analysis which provides greater insights and simplifies explanation of observed phenotype. The current techniques used towards this purpose have some serious limitations. In this pap...

Pathway analysis has become the first choice for gaining insight into the underlying biology of differentially expressed genes and proteins, as it reduces complexity and has increased explanatory power. We discuss the evolution of knowledge base-driven pathway analysis over its first decade, distinctly divided into three generations. We also discuss the limitations that are specific to each gen...

With the emergence of metabolic networks, novel mathematical pathway concepts were introduced in the past decade, aiming to go beyond canonical maps. However, the use of network-based pathways to interpret 'omics' data has been limited owing to the fact that their computation has, until very recently, been infeasible in large (genome-scale) metabolic networks. In this review article, we describ...

SUMMARY GeneMerge is a web-based and standalone program written in PERL that returns a range of functional and genomic data for a given set of study genes and provides statistical rank scores for over-representation of particular functions or categories in the data set. Functional or categorical data of all kinds can be analyzed with GeneMerge, facilitating regulatory and metabolic pathway anal...

introduction: although tolerance to and dependence on opioids are characterized by excessive activity of camp pathway in some brain stem nuclei, the impact of morphine dependence on activity of camp pathway in paragigantocellularis nucleus (pgi), located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla, remains unclear. therefore, the effect of adenyl cyclase activator forskolin on spontaneous firing rate ...