It is still unclear as to the exact mechanisms that lead to bladder stones or a similar condition called hypercalcinuria in the rabbit. Hypercalcinuria is a high calcium content of the urine where large stones do not form, but rather there is an abundance of smaller crystals that cause the urine to be thick, white and difficult to pass. This condition is often referred to as bladder sludge. It ...

It is difficult to collect and characterise well-preserved samples of weakly-cemented granular rocks as conventional sampling techniques often result in destruction the cementation. An alternative approach prepare synthetic geomaterials match required specifications. This paper introduces microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) a method reliably deliver artificially cemented specimen...

Interest in the aging of metal hydroxide has increased greatly during the past few years and it is due, no doubt, mainly to the fact that certain metal hydroxides have become useful for the isolation of enzymes and vitamins. The selective adsorption properties of these hydroxides, aluminum hydroxide for example, make them suitable for these purposes. Their surface forces make it possible to sep...

The use of fluorescence full spectral micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (µXANES) mapping is becoming more widespread in the hard energy regime. This experimental method using the Ca K-edge combined with micro-X-ray diffraction (µXRD) mapping of the same sample has been enabled on beamline I18 at Diamond Light Source. This combined approach has been used to probe both long- and short-ra...

Recently, it is demanded to form a high performance pattern on an enlarged circuit board in a low cost in the process to produce LCD devices. In the part of upgrading the performance, the materials are reexamined such as Al or Mo to Cu. Furthermore, in the process of reexamining the materials, it is demanded that such materials are low in environmental load. Therefore, we examined if it is poss...

BACKGROUND Phosphate binders, such as lanthanum carbonate, control elevated serum-phosphate levels in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Lanthanum carbonate is available in oral powder and tablet form. The aim of this survey was to investigate satisfaction with, preference for, and adherence to lanthanum carbonate oral powder in patients with ESRD. SCOPE Patients from France and Sp...

A precise understanding of the crystal properties of bone and other calcifications is essential in defining pathological and physiological mineralization. Bone mineral is predominately calcium and orthophosphate, but contains about 6 per cent carbonate. The physical state of carbonate in bone has been controversial but has attracted considerable interest since carbonate probably influences bone...

A highly practical, catalytic enantioselective cyclic phosphite addition to aldehydes and ketones was developed. The reaction rate of the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation was significantly enhanced by the addition of silver carbonate. Particularly, significant improvement has been achieved on the asymmetric hydrophosphonylation of unactivated ketones, giving quaternary α-hydroxy phosphonates wit...

Platinum-based anti-cancer drugs form a major family of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Cisplatin, the first member of the family, remains a potent anti-cancer drug and exhibits its clinical effect by inducing local DNA kinks and subsequently interfering with DNA metabolism. Although its mechanism is reasonably well understood, effects of intracellular ions on cisplatin activity are left to be ...