We investigated the level of within-alga integration, the consequent ability to compensate for simulated herbivory, and the effect of nutrient availability on the ability to compensate in Fucus vesiculosus (L.). Although F. vesiculosus lacks vascular connections, resource translocation occurs on a local scale. Vegetative apical parts and reproductive structures were dependent on the resources p...

     Introduction: Objective: This study aimed to assess the possible variations in root canal anatomy and topography of the apices of first and second maxillary molars. Materials and methods: A total of 67 first and second maxillary permanent molars were collected. Access cavity was prepared and 2% methylene blue was injected. The teeth were demineralized by 5% nitric acid and cleared with met...

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, in contrast to acute myocardial infarction, is a type of heart failure characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction. Cardiac imaging primarily reveals ventricle stunning, 81.7% which apical type. Emotional or psychological stress usually precedes the onset stress-induced increasingly being recognized as unique neurogenic stunning disease. To distinguis...

introduction: endodontic treatment in pulpless immature teeth is challenging due to the lack of an apical stop. insertion of an apical plug is an alternative to conventional long-term apexification with calcium hydroxide. the aim of this study was to compare the apical microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) and calcium-enriched mixture (cem) cement as apical plugs with three different...

Background It is well recognized that disinfection of the complex root canal system at the apical root canal remains the most critical therapeutic measure to treat apical periodontitis. Material and Methods Observational and experimental data in relation to the anatomy of the apical root canal in different tooth types and the cross sectional diameters of the apical part of the most commonly u...

Many notorious invasive plants are clonal, however, little is known about the different roles of clonal integration effects between invasive and native plants. Here, we hypothesize that clonal integration affect growth, photosynthetic performance, biomass allocation and thus competitive ability of invasive and native clonal plants, and invasive clonal plants benefit from clonal integration more...