A significant extension of the classic EOQ model is the assumption that realized demand decreases if customers are forced to backorder. To capture the way this decrease depends on the waiting time, different functional forms have been proposed, ranging from the simple (e.g., constant or linear forms) to the complex (e.g., exponential or rational forms.) This paper explores the question of wheth...

One of the most fruitful areas in the line of inventory is that the deficiency of handling/ production facilities can be overcome through a natural phenomenon known as learning effect. Due to this the performance of service and manufacturing organizations engaged in a repetitive process improves with time. The proposed economic order quantity model (EOQ) in this paper has been made realistic by...

The correlated demand caused by cross-selling, Zhang et al (2011) proposed a two-item EOQ model, where the unmet demand for the major item can be partially backordered with lost sales that will reduce demand for the minor item. They developed an enumeration algorithm that can deal with only one minor associated item. Zhang et al (2011) proposed the partial backordering EOQ with correlated deman...

The practical experiences reveal that the inflation is non-deterministic and variable. Therefore, a mathematical model for the optimal production for an inventory control system of deteriorating items is formulated under time-varying and stochastic inflation environment. The demand rate is a function of inflation and the time horizon is finite. In the real situation, some but not all customers ...

In this paper, we develop a procedure for selecting a supplier. Suppliers are characterized by their lead time, price and quality (random yield). Each purchased item is acceptable with a given probability and independent of the others. We assume the demands are deterministic with no set-up cost and backordering is allowed. For each supplier, an optimal ordering policy is developed. We prove the...

Rationing is an inventory policy that allows prioritization for different demand classes. This prioritization results in a different service level for each demand class. The mechanism through which the rationing policy is implemented is to stop serving lower priority classes when the inventory on hand drops below a certain critical level. Under this level, only higher priority classes are serve...

This paper examines the cost-reduction effect of “postponed” routing decisions in a two-echelon supply chain. When a delivery vehicle leaves the warehouse with system replenishment quantities, it sequentially makes routing decisions to choose the next retailer to visit. To measure this effect this paper studies combined vehicle routing and inventoryallocation policies designed to minimize total...

We study a stationary, single-stage inventory system, under periodic review, with fixed ordering costs and multiple sales levers (such as pricing, advertising, etc.). We show the optimality of (s, S)-type policies in these settings under both the backordering and lost-sales assumptions. Our analysis is constructive, and is based on a condition which we identify as being key to proving the (s, S...

In this paper, a bi-objective multi-product single-vendor single-buyer supply chain problem is studied under green vendor-managed inventory (VMI) policy based on the economic production quantity (EPQ) model. To bring the model closer to real-world supply chain, four constraints of model including backordering cost, number of orders, production budget and warehouse space are considered stochasti...