iranian women who, in the traditional conditions of the past and norms of the iranian society, have had a limited access to the public spaces of the city, with the changes taken place in our modern day society and factors such as education, employment and so on. nowadays, they have distinguished themselves in various fields and introduced their own issues and concerns to the society. however, i...

Boujagh National Park is the first founded land-marine national park in Iran and the first national park in Gilan Province, N. Iran. This area is a critical refuge for a lot of migratory birds and so many valuable coastal flora and fauna. The present study revealed that, the flora of this area comprises 248 vascular plants and 10 bryophytes out of which six taxa are endemic for the flora of Ira...

Yannis Kotidis1, Yannis Sismanis2, and Nick Roussopoulos2 1 AT&T Labs, 180 Park Ave, P.O. Box 971 Florham Park, NJ 07932-0000 USA [email protected] 2 Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park fisis,[email protected] Abstract. Tree based indexing structures like B-trees, B+-trees, Bitmap indexes and R-trees have become essential for getting good performa...

Physical inactivity is a growing issue in Chinese youth, but parks can facilitate traditional and non-traditional forms of physical activity for little to no cost. Despite this opportunity, very little is known regarding park use among Chinese youth. The purpose of this study was to conduct a cross-sectional observational study of park usage and physical activity of youth in municipal parks in ...

BACKGROUND Parks are important settings for physical activity (PA), but few studies have documented the actual behaviors of park users. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual and joint effects of various park user demographic characteristics on observed PA intensity levels. METHODS Four parks were observed using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities. Obs...

Abstract Urban parks are important public multifunctional space used for a wide range of activities. The usage levels of parks depend on the spatial characteristics of the spaces, where its forms and occupancies are referred as the usage-spatial relationship. Natural elements spatial complexity and park usability is of interest in this study. A photo - questionnaire was conducted among 296 of p...

Being a globally immerging concept, urban parks play critical role in converting cities to liveable spaces, where artificial lighting directly affects the users’ night-time experience. Therefore, addressing user needs and preferences helps achieve successful design. This study was conducted at four popular Colombo: Viharamahadevi Park, Independence Square, Urban Wetland Park Diyatha Uyana, park...

INTRODUCTION Abundant evidence shows that regular physical activity (PA) is an effective strategy for preventing obesity in people of diverse socioeconomic status (SES) and racial groups. The proportion of PA performed in parks and how this differs by proximate neighborhood SES has not been thoroughly investigated. The present project analyzes online public web data feeds to assess differences ...