INTRODUCTION Symptomatic hyperparathyroidism (HPT) refractory to medical management requires surgical intervention with subtotal parathyroidectomy. Primary HPT commonly manifests as a parathyroid adenoma affecting a single gland and can be treated with excision of this single gland. However, secondary HPT in the setting of renal failure or familial diseases often presents with multiglandular hy...

The case is described of a woman who died with a functioning parathyroid carcinoma 19 years after removal of two parathyroid tumours, considered at the time to be benign. Following operation hyperparathyroidism subsided, with a short period of hypocalcaemia, and severe osteitis fibrosa cystica healed. Five years before death progressive renal failure developed with normal and later raised serum...

Mechanistic understanding of secondary hyperparathyroidism, vascular calcification, and regulation of phosphate metabolism in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has advanced significantly in the past five decades. In 1960, Bricker developed the 'intact nephron hypothesis', opening the door for hundreds of investigations. He emphasized that 'as the number of functioning nephrons decreases, each remain...

Primary hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder recognized by hyperfunction of parathyroid gland, which can result in persistent bone absorption and brown tumor. Facial involvement of brown tumor is rare and usually involves the mandible. Giant cell tumor ( GCT) is an expansile osteolytic bone tumor which is very similar in clinical, radiological and histological features to brown tumor. H...

BACKGROUND X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR) is a hereditary metabolic bone syndrome that is only beginning to be understood and is rarely associated with progression to irreversible tertiary hyperparathyroidism. We report our surgical experience with 6 patients with XLHR who underwent parathyroidectomy for associated autonomous parathyroid hyperfunction. HYPOTHESIS Parathyroi...