Excessive oxidative stress in pancreatic β cells, caused by glucose and fatty acids, is associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Mogrosides have shown antioxidant and antidiabetic activities in animal models of diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study evaluated the antioxidant effect of mogrosides on insulinoma cells under oxidative stress caused by palmiti...

Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle in vivo is associated with reduced lipid oxidation and lipid accumulation. It is still uncertain whether changes in lipid metabolism represent an adaptive compensation at the cellular level or a direct expression of a genetic trait. Studies of palmitate metabolism in human myotubes established from control and type 2 diabetic subjects may solve this problem...

The effect of additional dietary trans fatty acids (7% energy) on plasma lipids was assessed in a double-blind comparison of four separate diets: 1, enriched with butter fat (lauric-myristic-palmitic); 2, oleic acid-rich; 3, elaidic acid-rich; 4, palmitic acid-rich. The total dietary period was 11 weeks and comprised normal foods plus specific fat supplements. In 27 mildly hypercholesterolemic ...

Palmitoleic acid is a minor monounsaturated fatty acid in the human diet and in blood plasma. Because macadamia oil is at least one potentially large source of palmitoleic acid, we tested its effect on plasma lipid levels against two other dietary fatty acids, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The dietary adjustments, through the use of supplements, provided comparisons of the three test fatty acid...

The activity of the enzyme system involved in desaturation of palmitic and stearic acid has been examined in lungs of rats fed fat-free diets supplemented either with 4% safflower oil (controls) or 4% tripalmitin (essential fatty acid (EFA) deficient) both in vivo and in vitro in lung slices. Desaturation, as measured by appearance of 14C-labeled monounsaturated fatty acid in pulmonary total li...

Background and objectives: Plants of genus Clinopodium have been used in different cultures as traditional medicines.Due to theimportance of medicinal properties of the genus Clinopodium, C. umbrosum was selected for phytochemical analysis along with evaluation of its antioxidant property. Methods: The aerial parts of C. umbrosum<...

In this study was analyzed the effect of crop year and harvesting time on the fatty acid composition of cv. Picual virgin olive oil. The study was carried out during the fruit ripening period for three crop seasons. The mean fatty acid composition of Picual oils was determined. The oils contained palmitic acid (11.9%), oleic acid (79.3%), and linoleic acid (2.95%). The content of palmitic acid ...

Citation: Du X, Huang Q, Guan Y, Lv M, He X, Fang C, Wang X and Sheng J (2018) Caffeine Promotes Conversion of Palmitic Acid to Palmitoleic Acid by Inducing Expression of fat-5 in Caenorhabditis elegans and scd1 in Mice. Front. Pharmacol. 9:321. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00321 Caffeine Promotes Conversion of Palmitic Acid to Palmitoleic Acid by Inducing Expression of fat-5 in Caenorhabditis elega...

Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of egg lipids during development of Spodoptera littoralis showed the presence of 13 fatty acids ranging in carbon chain length from caproic (C6:0) to linolenic acid (C 18:3). Palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids composed over 90% of the total fatty acids. Palmitic acid was always the predominant fatty acid and oleic acid was the second mos...

Several studies support the concept of a diabetic cardiomyopathy in the absence of discernible coronary artery disease, although its mechanism remains poorly understood. We investigated the role of glucose and palmitic acid on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and on the organization of the contractile apparatus. Exposure of adult rat cardiomyocytes for 18 h to palmitic acid (0.25 and 0.5 mmol/l) resulte...