In mammals, male sex determination is governed by SRY-dependent activation of Sox9, whereas female development involves R-spondin1 (RSPO1), an activator of the WNT/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Genetic analyses in mice have demonstrated Sry and Sox9 to be both required and sufficient to induce testicular development. These genes are therefore considered as master regulators of the male pathwa...

In mouse and chick embryos, the SOX9 gene is down-regulated in genetic females whereas in genetic males it remains in the Sertoli cells. We studied the distribution of SOX9 protein in developing genital ridges of embryos of the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea incubated at male- or female-promoting temperatures, using the antibody for detection. At stages 22-24, cells in medullary cords show SO...

The transcription factor SOX9 plays an essential role in determining the fate of several cell types and is a master factor in regulation of chondrocyte development. Our aim was to determine which genes in the genome of chondrocytes are either directly or indirectly controlled by SOX9. We used RNA-Seq to identify genes whose expression levels were affected by SOX9 and used SOX9 ChIP-Seq to ident...

BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas develop through a multi-step carcinogenesis. Precancerous lesions are defined as biliary intraepithelial neoplasia. Sex determining region Y-box9 (Sox9) is required for the normal differentiation of the biliary tract. AIMS To evaluate the Sox9 expression in carcinogenesis and its correlation with clinicopathological features in intrahepatic cholangi...

In mammals, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by Sertoli cells from the onset of testicular differentiation and by granulosa cells only after birth. SOX9, a transcription factor related to the testis-determining factor SRY, is expressed in mouse testis 1 day before AMH. To determine the relationship between AMH and SOX9 in birds, we cloned the AMH promoter in search of SOX9 response elem...

The inability to identify, isolate, and culture intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) has been prohibitive to the study and therapeutic utilization of these cells. Using a Sox9(EGFP) mouse model, we demonstrate that Sox9(EGFP) fluorescence signatures can be used to differentiate between and enrich for progenitors (Sox9(EGFPsubLo)) and multipotent IESCs (Sox9(EGFPlo)). Sox9(EGFPlo) cells gene...

BACKGROUND/AIMS SOX9 is an important transcription factor required for development and has been implicated in several types of malignant tumor. Our recent study showed that SOX9 played an important role in multi-step carcinogenesis in cases of intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas (IPMN-P). This study aimed to investigate the expression of SOX9 in cases of intraductal papillary m...

Sox9 is an high-mobility group box transcription factor that is expressed in the stem cell zone of the small intestine and colon. We have previously used a Sox9EGFP mouse model to demonstrate that discrete levels of Sox9 expression mark small intestine epithelial stem cells that form crypt/villus-like structures in a three-dimensional culture system (Formeister EJ, Sionas AL, Lorance DK, Barkle...

Ramalingam S, Daughtridge GW, Johnston MJ, Gracz AD, Magness ST. Distinct levels of Sox9 expression mark colon epithelial stem cells that form colonoids in culture. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 302: G10–G20, 2012. First published October 13, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00277.2011.—Sox9 is an high-mobility group box transcription factor that is expressed in the stem cell zone of the small...

Introduction: Nager syndrome is a malformation resulting from problems in the development of the first and second branchial arches and limb buds. The cause of the abnormal development of the pharyngeal arches in Nager syndrome is unknown. It is also unclear why affected individuals have bone abnormalities in their arms and legs. Nager syndrome is thought to have an autosomal recessive inherita...