Following the approach introduced by Cavers and Ho, the performance of component-interleaved multidimensional constellations over the Rayleigh fading channel is evaluated analytically. Error probabilities are approximated by the union bound using an exact expression of the pairwise error probability. Simulation results show that this bound can be used effectively as a design criterion for the s...

Let T be an edge weighted tree, let dT (u, v) be the sum of the weights of the edges on the path from u to v in T , and let dmin and dmax be two non-negative real numbers such that dmin ≤ dmax. Then a pairwise compatibility graph of T for dmin and dmax is a graph G = (V, E), where each vertex u ∈ V corresponds to a leaf u of T and there is an edge (u, v) ∈ E if and only if dmin ≤ dT (u, v) ≤ dm...

We call a topological space X locally compact with defects if all points in possess neighborhoods except for some points. investigate this weaker version of local compactness. show that x ∈ X• the partition singletons X\(X• ∪ (U\U)) is finite, where U ̸= an open neighborhood x, then Tychonoff space. Let be T1c such each has union pairwise disjoint subsets S s∈S Fs. Then, we family {Fs}s∈S finite...

Without a virus culture system, genetic analysis becomes the principal method to classify norovirus (NoV) strains. Currently, classification of NoV strains beneath the species level has been based on sequences from different regions of the viral genome. As a result, the phylogenetic insights of some virus were not appropriately interpreted, and no consensus has been reached to establish a unifo...

The subsets A, B of the n-element X are said to be s-strongly separating if the two sets divide X into 4 sets of size at least s. The maximum number h(n, s) of pairwise s-strongly separating subsets was asymptotically determined by Frankl [8] for fixed s and large n. A new proof is given. Also, estimates for h(n, cn) are found where c is a small constant.