OBJECTIVE(S) Inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase are considered as suitable target in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and bowel inflammatory diseases. The development of 5-alkylthio-1-aryl-2-(4-pyridinyl) triazoles as inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase is described. These are analogues of 4- pyridinyl imidazole p38 MAP kinase inhibitor reported by Merck Research Laborator...

p38 MAP kinase activation is known to be deleterious not only to mitochondria but also to contractile function. Therefore, p38 MAP kinase inhibition therapy represents a promising approach in preventing reperfusion injury in the heart. However, reversal of p38 MAP kinase-mediated contractile dysfunction may disrupt the fragile sarcolemma of ischemic-reperfused myocytes. We, therefore, hypothesi...

MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 5 (MK5) was originally described as a protein kinase activated downstream of the p38 MAP kinase and is also named p38-regulated/activated protein kinase (PRAK). However, while MK5 is most similar in sequence to the two p38 regulated MAPKAP kinases MK2 and MK3, recent data has shown that in contrast to these enzymes MK5 is not activated in response to either c...

Mechanical force or mechanical stress modulates intracellular signal pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) cascades. In our system, cell stretching activated and cell contraction inactivated all three MAP kinase pathways (MKK1/2-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), MKK4 (SEK1)-cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and MKK3/6-p38 pathways). However, little is known...

PURPOSE The goals of this study were to determine whether MAP kinase signaling pathways play a role in the formation of lens cataracts and to examine the potential signaling relationship between Src and MAP kinases in signaling the induction of lens opacities. METHODS Embryonic day (E)10 chick lenses were cultured in Medium 199 containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The activation state of Src ki...

Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) kinases compose a family of serine/threonine kinases, which function in many signal transduction pathways affecting various cellular phenotypes. Although the abundance of available data, the exact role of each MAP kinase is not completely defined, in part due to the inability to activate MAP kinase molecules individually and specifically. Based on activating muta...

Phytic acid (IP6) is an essential component of high fiber diet physiologically present in human large gut. It has been recognized to possess various significant health benefits effects including chemopreventive and have antineoplastic activity against various types of cancer. Moreover, its role in immune response through modulation of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ha...

We have investigated the cellular mechanisms that participate in reducing insulin sensitivity in response to increased oxidant stress in skeletal muscle. Measurement of glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in L6 myotubes showed that insulin stimulated both processes, by 2- and 5-fold, respectively. Acute (30 min) exposure of muscle cells to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) blocked the hormonal ...