Results Among fifteen PFCs analyzed, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were detected in >90% of the serum samples. The number of chemicals above median concentrations among these 5 PFCs were graded on a scale of 0 to 5, and classified into exposure (0) (...

This work deals with the preparation and characterization of electrically conductive needle-punched non-woven composites for heat generation. Electro-conductive were prepared through in situ chemical polymerization pyrrole FeCl3 (oxidant) p-toluene sulfonic acid (dopant). A two-stage double-bath process was adopted pyrrole. The effect parameters such as fibre fineness, needle-punching density d...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of a carbohydrate restricted diet, a subacute ethanol intake, and their combined effect on the kinetics of toluene in humans. Eight healthy male volunteers were exposed by inhalation at four different occasions to 200 mg/m3 2H8-toluene for two hours at a work load of 50 W after a one week low (30%) carbohydrate (CH) diet or high (60%) CH diet ...

For environmental reasons, a new class of environmentally acceptable and renewable biolubricant based on vegetable oils is available. In this study, oxirane ring opening reaction of monoepoxide linoleic acid (MEOA) was done by nucleophilic addition of oleic acid (OA) with using p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) as a catalyst for synthesis of 9(12)-hydroxy-10(13)-oleoxy-12(9)-octadecanoic acid (HYO...

Ogata, M., Takatsuka, Y., and Tomokuni, K. (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med., 28, 382-385. Excretion of hippuric acid and mor p-methylhippuric acid in the urine of persons exposed to vapours of toluene and mor p-xylene in an exposure chamber and in workshops, with specific reference to repeated exposures. Four male volunteers were exposed to 200 p.p.m. of toluene for five one-hour periods separate...

In two separate experiments 10 healthy men each were exposed at rest in an exposure chamber to about 200 ppm toluene in the air. Hippuric acid, o-, m-, p-cresol, and phenol in urine were detected by capillary gas chromatography at the beginning and at the end of exposure, and at variable times after the cessation of exposure. In addition toluene in blood was determined at the same intervals. Th...

Background: Toluene is a harmful substance still being used as a solvent and catalyst in many industries that can increase the level of urinary hippuric acid (UHA). This study was designed to examine the level of toluene and UHA among workers of industrial site in seven companies in Sidoarjo, Indonesia and to analyze the risk factors for abnormal UHA. Methods: This study was an analytical cross...

Recently, it was proposed that neutrophils generate ozone (Wentworth, P. J., McDunn, J. E., Wentworth, A. D., Takeuchi, C., Nieva, J., Jones, T., Bautista, C., Ruedi, J. M., Gutierrez, A., Janda, K. D., Babior, B. M., Eschenmoser, A., and Lerner, R. A. (2002) Science 298, 2195-2199; Babior, B. M., Takeuchi, C., Ruedi, J., Gutierrez, A., and Wentworth, P. J. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A...