homogenous charge compression ignition (hcci) engines hold promise of high fuel efficiency and low emission levels for future green vehicles. but in contrast to gasoline and diesel engines, hcci engines suffer from lack of having direct means to initiate combustion. a combustion timing controller with robust tracking performance is the key requirement to leverage hcci application in production ...

It is common to summarize statistical comparisons by declarations of statistical significance or non-significance. Here we discuss one problem with such declarations, namely that changes in statistical significance are often not themselves statistically significant. By this, we are not merely making the commonplace observation that any particular threshold is arbitrary—for example, only a small...

Pistachio is one of the economically important horticultural crops in Iran. The main pistachio-producing areas in Iran are located at the edge of the desert and are affected by soil and water salinity. Water and nutrient uptake by the root decreases under saline conditions. In this study, the effects of foliar growth regulators applied at different times on the nutrient uptake and leaf nutrient...

This study compares the acoustic realization of Romanian diphthongs [jV] and similar sequences [iV]. The latter have variable pronunciation, and are occasionally realized as diphthongs. The presence of a contrast between them is confirmed, though individual speakers may show tendencies toward a merger. Diphthongs have significantly shorter vocalic portions than sequences, and lower F2 values at...

(1.4) h(x, z) := detΦxz(x, z). If C is locally the graph of a canonical transformation, i.e., h(x, z) 6= 0, then ‖Tλ‖ = O(λ−d/2) (see Hörmander [15], [16]). If the projections have singularities then there is less decay in λ and in various specific cases the decay has been determined. In dimension d = 1 Phong and Stein [21] obtained a complete description of the L mapping properties, for the ca...