Over the past century more than 100 indices have been developed and used to assess bioclimatic conditions for human beings. The majority of these indices are used sporadically or for specific purposes. Some are based on generalized results of measurements (wind chill, cooling power, wet bulb temperature) and some on the empirically observed reactions of the human body to thermal stress (physiol...

In this study, the physiological and thermal responses of 54 healthy elderly adults during horticultural activities with various intensities (low, moderate, high) in three typical open spaces were investigated through meteorological measurements, questionnaires, monitoring. Physiological equivalent temperature (PET), blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, ear canal used as evaluation in...

Background: The adoption of air conditioning (AC) is growing rapidly in developing countries across the world which puts a high burden on electricity distribution systems. This development is mostly driven by income growth and building design, but also due to increasing outdoor temperatures and to provide indoor thermal comfort. Current indoor thermal comfort standards are based on western clot...

outdoor experiments on a once-through single glazed solar air heater with perforated metal absorber plate were conducted to determine the practical effect of absorber plate porosity as well as suction air flow rate on the collector thermal efficiency and its total pressure drop. three aluminum absorber plates were made perforated by drilling circular holes with different diameter/pitch ratios i...

abstract many indices designed by researches for study of human-biometeorology and bioclimatology that today broadly using for assessing the relationships between the climate and tourism .among the proposed indices, thermo- physiological indices as pet and pmv that derived from human energy balance models, important from others. to define of proper calendar for tourism in tabriz we have used of...

The current paper propose the analysis and extension formulation required for establishing decision in the management of the medical national system from the point of view of quality and efficiency such as: conceiving models for the indices of thermal comfort, defining the predicted mean vote (on the thermal sensation scale) "PMV", defining the metabolism "M", heat transfer between the human bo...

A successful urban planning and design solution ought to present a comfortable setting for its pedestrians inside urban canyons, because it is fundamental to encourage a good quality urban life and promote health and wellbeing of humans. Recent findings have demonstrated that microclimate inside urban canyons has substantial influence upon the outdoor thermal comfort at the street level .This s...

most of iranian oil terminals are located in tropical regions and consequently, disorders of heat stress among workers are expected. there are many heat stress indices with self-advantages and disadvantages which are used for evaluating the amount of heat stress. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of wbgt, et and cet indices by comparison to core body temperature in kh...

This paper gives a brief description of the over quick urbanization sinceChongqing, one of the biggest cities in China, has been a municipality directly under theCentral Government in 1997, excessive development and exceeding increase of high-risebuildings because of its special geographical position which finally leads to the worseningof the urban outdoor thermal environment. Then, this paper ...

In recent years, the number of office buildings that introduce natural ventilation (NV) is being increased to save energy. However, operating NV systems with opening device fully open could lower thermal comfort, depending on meteorological condition. Therefore, automatically-controlled can generally work only for a relatively short period time. order keep both energy saving performance and com...