Papaya is a rich source of nutrients, antioxidants, and vitamins; however, it highly perishable hence needs to be preserved using suitable unit operations. Drying an economical method papaya treatment, but results in the loss essential nutrients also degrades its pigments, color, texture. Therefore, this work aims utilize ultrasound osmotic dehydration as pretreatment strategies preserve compos...

The objective of the study is to assess the influence of temperature, time and enzymatic pretreatment on the osmotic concentration of gooseberry fruits (cultivar Biały Triumf). The fruits were osmotically concentrated in a sucrose solution at 65 °Brix and 40 to 70 °C for 5 to 240 min. Two experimental procedures were employed. In the first procedure, prior to concentration the fruits were immer...

Background: Recurrent abortion is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses. We aimed to determine the relationship between male sperm parameters and hypo-osmotic swelling score and recurrent abortion. We also studied whether washing of spermatozoa and intrauterine insemination in patients with recurrent miscarriage and low score hypo-osmotic swelling test in male partners could imp...

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most potent antioxidant polyphenol in green tea. In the present study, we investigated whether EGCG plays a role in the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), protein kinase C (PKC) α/βII, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in glomerular epithelial cells (GECs) against high-glucose injury. Treatment with high glucose (30 mM) increased re...

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene superfamily consists of 19 isozymes. They are present in various organs and involved in metabolizing aldehydes that are biologically generated. For instance, ALDH2, a cardiac mitochondrial ALDH isozyme, is known to detoxify 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a reactive aldehyde produced upon lipid peroxidation in diabetic conditions. We hypothesized that inhibition of ALDH ...

common drying systems, including hot air convection, infrared, vacuum and ir-convective were employed to investigate and analyze the drying process of mulberry fruits. to evaluate the effect of pretreatment on the drying phenomenon, samples were pretreated by being subjected to: microwaves, chemical preparation, mechanical as well as blanching approaches. results revealed that the microwave pre...

BACKGROUND Chronic elevation of glucose level activates vascular inflammation and increases endothelial adhesiveness to monocytes, an early sign of atherogenesis. This study aimed to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of high-glucose-induced endothelial inflammation, and to investigate the potential effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), an antioxidant herbal medicine, on such inflammation. M...

Rats were trained to discriminate 4-h pretreatment with 10 mg/kg morphine and 15-min pretreatment with 0.3 mg/kg naltrexone (morphine-->naltrexone) from pretreatment with saline and 0.3 mg/kg naltrexone (saline-->naltrexone). The discrimination seems to derive from interoceptive stimuli from antagonist-precipitated withdrawal from acute morphine dependence. The purpose of this study was to exte...

BACKGROUND Hyponatremia in the setting of cirrhosis is a common electrolyte disorder with few therapeutic options. The free water retention is due to non-osmotic vasopressin secretion resulting from the cirrhosis-associated splanchnic vasodilatation. Therefore, vasoconstrictive therapy may correct this electrolyte abnormality. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of midodrine and oc...