OBJECTIVE Some H7N9 patients presented with hyponatremia. But whether SIAD could be the etiology of hyponatremia in H7N9 pneumonia is still not known. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A H7N9 patient was enrolled. Clinical sign were evaluated. Effective osmolality, urinary osmolality, urinary sodium, thyroid function, adrenal function, 25(OH) Vitamin D and cellular immune function were measured...

Plasma sodium and osmolality were determined in 80 adult epileptic patients receiving chronic treatment with carbamazepine and in 50 control patients treated with other anticonvulsant drugs. Mean plasma osmolality was significantly lower in the carbamazepine-treated patients but mean plasma sodium did not differ in the two groups. Hyponatraemia was found in five of the carbamazine-treated patie...

A significantly greater percentage of motile than immotile spermatozoa bore droplets at the osmolality of semen and cervical mucus. The percentage of spermatozoa with droplets was not significantly correlated with the osmolality of semen or the extent of cell swelling in response to quinine in hypotonic medium. Droplets appeared slightly more frequently (ie, were more obvious) in the presence o...

The relation between serum osmolality and blood-alcohol was studied prospectively in 565 acute trauma patients. The two measurements were closely correlated. It is therefore possible to estimate the blood-alcohol from serum osmolality to assist in the clinical management of acutely injured patients.

Animal models have shown that peripheral chemoreceptors alter their firing patterns in response to changes in plasma osmolality, which, in turn, may modulate sympathetic outflow. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increases in plasma osmolality augment muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) responses to chemoreceptor activation. MSNA was recorded from the peroneal nerve...

Hypertonic solutions play an important role in the treatment of tissue edema. Following the induction of experimental vasogenic brain edema by occlusion of the common carotid arteries in eight rabbits, the effect of hypertonic lactated Ringer's solution (subjects), vs. isotonic lactated Ringer's solution (control), was studied on blood pressure, electrolyte (sodium, potassium, and calcium) ...

An evaluation of the Advanced micro-osmometer is presented. This instrument has been shown to have an excellent analytical precision (within-run CV = 0.59%, between-day CV = 0.58%). It is accurate over an analytical range of 0-2000 mmol/kg of osmolality shown by linearity studies and split sample correlations against vapour pressure osmometry, freezing point osmometry and an external quality as...

We describe the case of 79-year-old man admitted to our general hospital for a 6-week history of progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids associated with weight loss. To reach a diagnosis a total body CT scan with low-osmolality iodinate contrast agent was performed. Two hours later the patient developed an acute respiratory failure requiring orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation...

Serum sodium concentration and thus serum osmolality are closely controlled by water homeostasis, which is mediated by thirst, arginine vasopressin (AVP, also known as vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH)), and the kidneys. Thirst and ADH act in parallel to control plasma osmolality and sodium concentration. The physiology of thirst is a highly complex process that must be controlled by a ...