The tomato (Lycopersicon spp.) productivity is severely reduced by attack of several insects and microorganisms. It is economically one of the most important crops that has been extensively cultivated in the Americas. Therefore, assays were performed in the greenhouse and the laboratory to evaluate the possible interaction between resistant tomato genotypes and plant extracts on the control of ...

The first synthesis of a series of ketones naturally occurring in E. pallida is described. The natural distribution of these ketones among different Echinacea species is also reported.

The gall mite, Aceria pallida Keifer (Acari: Eriophyoidae) is an economically important pest of wolfberry Lycium barbarum L. and can cause significant losses to plant production. Two species phytoseiid predatory mites, Amblyseius andersoni Chant Neoseiulus neoreticuloides Liang & Hu were found on in Bayan Nur city, Inner Mongolia, China. We assessed the potential these two as biological con...

Prosopis pallida and P. juliflora (commonly referred to as algarroba, mesquite, or kiawe) were introduced from South America to areas in Oceania, Asia, and Africa during the early nineteenth century. In many cases, they naturalized and became widespread. In some places, alien Prosopis species are highly valued for the products and services that they can provide such as shade, cattle fodder, woo...

Corals and other cnidarians house photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts within membrane-bound compartments inside gastrodermal cells. Nutritional interchanges between the partners produce carbohydrates and lipids for metabolism, growth, energy stores, and cellular structures. Although lipids play a central role in the both the energetics and the structural/morphological features of the symbio...

Cleome pallida is the name to be used for Dipterygium glaucum, widespread in desert habitats of northeastern Africa and southwestern Asia, when this species treated as a Cleome. A comprehensive synonymy provided all names are typified. The record Bunias orientalis made by Forsskål Yemen shown based on misidentified material C. pallida. new combination cornus-africani endemic Somalia that was fi...

The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of the plant parasitic nematode Globodera pallida exists as a population of small, circular DNAs that, taken individually, are of insufficient length to encode the typical metazoan mitochondrial gene complement. As far as we are aware, this unusual structural organization is unique among higher metazoans, although interesting comparisons can be made with the mul...

The marine environment is subjected to contamination by a complex mixture of metals from various anthropogenic sources. Measuring the biological responses of organisms to a complex mixture of metals allows for examination of metal-specific responses in an environmentally realistic exposure scenario. To address this issue, the sea anemone, Aiptasia pallida was exposed to a control and a metal mi...

There are many examples of apparent manipulation of host phenotype by parasites, yet few examples of hypermanipulation-where a phenotype-manipulating parasite is itself manipulated by a parasite. Moreover, few studies confirm manipulation is occurring by quantifying whether the host's changed phenotype increases parasite fitness. Here we describe a novel case of hypermanipulation, in which the ...

Seeds from five lots each of Echinacea angustifolia DC, and E. pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. were germinated in a growth chamber in light (40 μmol·m(-2)· s(-1)) or darkness at 25 °C for 16 to 20 d after soaking in 1 mM ethephon or water for 10 min, or moist stratification at 4 - 6 °C for two weeks. Either light or ethephon promoted seed germination of E. angustifolia and E. pallida, in comparison with ...