BACKGROUND WHO proposed the WHO Maternal Near Miss (MNM) tool, classifying women according to several (potentially) life-threatening conditions, to monitor and improve quality of obstetric care. The objective of this study is to analyse merged data of one high- and two low-resource settings where this tool was applied and test whether the tool may be suitable for comparing severe maternal outco...

Inter-organ crosstalk plays an essential role in the physiological homeostasis of the heart and other organs, and requires a complex interaction between a host of cellular, molecular, and neural factors. Derangements in these interactions can initiate multi-organ dysfunction. This is the case, for instance, in the heart or kidneys where a pathological alteration in one organ can unfavorably aff...

Sepsis represents one of the major health problem due to high mortality rate and elevated care costs. An important role in genesis mechanisms sustaining sepsis has been found release pro-inflammatory mediators. They are able induce hemodynamic instability, end-organ dysfunction, coagulation abnormalities. The host immune response involves a first extreme infective process that leads tissue dama...

Infection and increased systemic inflammation cause organ dysfunction death in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Preclinical studies provide support for an antiinflammatory role of albumin, but confirmatory large-scale clinical trials are lacking. Whether targeting a serum albumin level 30 g per liter or greater these repeated daily infusions 20% human solution, as compared standard care, ...

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), defined as the presence of altered organ function in an acutely ill patient such that homeostasis cannot be maintained without intervention, is a cause of high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Many advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of this syndrome in human medicine, but much still is unknown. Thi...

sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection. sepsis, which can lead to severe sepsis, septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, is an important cause of mortality. pathogenesis is extremely complex. in recent years, cell hypoxia caused by mitochondrial dysfunction has become a hot research field. sepsis damages the structure and function of mitochondria,conversely, mito...

This Virulence special focus highlights the emerging critical role of endothelial activation and dysfunction in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and associated clinical outcomes. Infectious disease investigators might ask why endothelial biology should be of interest to them. We hope that this special focus will make the research community think otherwise. The endothelium is comprised of...