OBJECTIVES To establish guidelines for the diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow-up of germ cell testicular cancer. METHODS A search of published work was conducted using Medline. Highly evidence-based articles were selected and their findings analysed by the members of the Oncological Urology Working Group of the EAU. Testis cancer is rare and affects young men in their 3rd and 4th decade...

Any common surgical procedure, including orchiectomy in cockerels, requires perfect knowledge topography and syntopy of the organ surgery is performed on. This also implies acquiring necessary information via application a number instrumental methods such as diagnostic roentgenography sonography. Both have positive (intravital, painless quick procedure) well negative (possible flaws diagnostics...

PURPOSE To investigate the protective effect of zofenopril on torsion/detorsion-induced biochemical and histopathological changes in experimental testicular ischemia or reperfusion injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 35 prepubertal male Wistar-Albino rats were divided into five groups, including 7 rats in each group: Group I (sham, S), sham operation; group II (torsion/detorsion-...

PURPOSE Prostate cancer patients with surprisingly high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are encountered clinically. However, descriptions of this group of patients are extremely rare in the published literature. This study reports treatment outcome and long-term prognosis for this group of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 2007 and December 2012, 2,064 patients with PCa diagnosed...

BACKGROUND About 3-5% of all patients with testicular germ cell tumour (GCT) develop a contralateral cancer, the majority of which arise within 10-15 years. Little is known about the risk of second GCTs after more than two decades. Here we present 3 cases with very late presenting contralateral GCT and provide a summary of similar cases reported previously. CASE PRESENTATIONS (1) This white C...