BACKGROUND The adaptive maintenance of flower color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators partly because they preferentially visit certain flower phenotypes. We tested whether Gentiana lutea-which shows a flower color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain)-is locally adapted to the pollinator community. METHODS We transplanted orange-f...

A total of twenty endophytic fungi successfully isolated from Melastoma malabathricum (Senduduk) were examined for their ability to decolourise azo dyes: Congo red, Orange G, and Methyl red and an anthraquinone dye, Remazol Brilliant Blue R. Initial screening on the glucose minimal media agar plates amended with 200 mg L(-1) of each respective dye showed that only isolate MS8 was able to decolo...

This study aimed to determine the anti-erosive effects of xylitol, fluoride and a xylitol/fluoride combination used as an additive in an acidic drink or as mouthrinse after enamel was exposed to an acidic drink, in vitro. Human third molars were divided into 7 groups (A-G). Samples from groups A to D were immersed for 5 min in orange juice only (A), orange juice plus either 25% xylitol (B), F(-...

Introduction: Death from cardiovascular diseases is one of the leading causes of death in the elderly; Although the role of exercise and herbs in heart health has been reported, their cellular-molecular mechanisms are not yet well understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of continuous exercise with moderate intensity and intense periodicit...

the migration of aluminum (al) from aseptic laminated paperboard packages was studied by monitoring the al content of orange juice (plain juice, no additives) filled into such packages and stored at ambient temperature (23ºc) for up to 1 year. analytical procedure includes mw-assisted digestion of orange juice with concentrated nitric acid followed by determination of al concentration by double-...

Leptin is a multifunctional protein involved in processes such as body weight regulation, energy expenditure, fat metabolism, food intake, and appetite regulation. Duplicate leptin genes, leptin-a and leptin-b, were previously detected in the orange-spotted grouper. In this study, we cloned the full-length open reading frame (ORF) of the leptin-a gene in the orange-spotted grouper, searched for...

Lignin degrading white rot fungus, Trametes versicolor isolated from the logs of Acacia nilotica L.Del.sp. indica in the Western Ghats region of Tamil Nadu, India. The fungus was used for the decolourization of azo dyes such as orange G, congo red and amido Black 10 B and also for colour removal from the dye industry effluents. Batch studies were conducted in a defined medium with pH-4.5. The r...