The colony forming ability of single cells or very short filaments of 7 strains of cyanobacteria was tested on media solidified by agar or by agar substitutes (Gel Gro or Gel Rite). In addition, the effect of various methods for preparation of agar media on colony forming ability was measured. High efficiency colony formation for most of the strains required that the agar be autoclaved separate...

Methanol is one of the most important petrochemical products which is produced in large extents worldwide. Nowadays, it is mostly used as a feed in olefin units for production of synthetic fuels. In this work, methanol production process, under license of Davy Corporation, is simulated by using HYSYS software. The simulations are carried out for steady state condition. The simulation results we...

Laccases are environmentally friendly alternatives in many important applications such as in bioremediation, biopulping, textile, and the food industry. They have wide substrate specificity, can oxidize a broad range of compounds, and show potential for use in various industrial processes. Therefore, developing methods to increase laccase production is important. In the current study, we aimed ...

I have re-examined optimum reaction conditions for measurement of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2). The optimum pH is 6.45, and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2',2''-nitrotriethanol acetate, 200 mmol/liter, is the buffer of choice. Thioglycerol, 20 mmol/liter, is superior for both in-assay reactivation and for storage stability of sera. Fluoride, 25 mmol/liter, a broad inactivator of adenylate kinase (EC...

Bloom of Dunaliella salina was observed naturally in stagnant puddles of water off Kuwait's Bubiyan Island on 4 July 2004. In order to closely monitor this bloom, alga were collected and maintained as pure culture of the locally isolated D. salina. Set of experiments was conducted to study and evaluate the optimum culture conditions required for two samples of D. salina (one locally isolated an...

Direct Capillary Nanofiltration (Direct CNF) is a new technique used for surface water and wastewater treatment in one step without pre-treatment. The CNF membrane module combines the favourable cleaning properties of capillary ultrafiltration membranes with the favourable separation properties of nanofiltration membranes in terms of removal of DOC, colour, bacteria, viruses and pesticides. Dir...

A modern approach is described for the evaluation of the optimal conditions for two-substrate enzyme reactions. It chiefly involves the determination of the concentration of substrates for the primary reaction and the catalytic concentration of indicator enzymes. The interrelationship between the concentration of the two substrates (concentration pairs) are described mathematically to be hyperb...

To establish optimum conditions for creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activity measurement with the creatine phosphate in equilibrium creatine reaction, we re-examined all kinetics factors relevant to an optimal and standardized enzyme assay at 30 and 25 degrees C. We determined the pH optimum in vaious buffers, considering the effect of the type and concentration of the buffer, as well as the influ...

Because thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) confirmation of identity and reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) determination with fluorescence detection of aflatoxin M1 both require the derivative formed in the reaction of M1 and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), various reaction conditions were studied to obtain complete derivative formation. Of the various organic solvents tested, the reaction bet...

Acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of cassava starch to glucose (fermentable sugar) were investigated and compared. And the effects of acid concentration, pH, temperature and time on the yield of glucose were studied. Experiments were carried out at a temperature range of (60 – 100)C between 30 minutes and 4 hours. (0.2 – 1.0)M strength of H2SO4 acid was used and pH values range of 4 – 7 was conside...