In this paper, we propose an algorithm to detect a chain of cooperative malicious node in ad-hoc network that disrupts transmission of data by feeding wrong routing information along with the detection algorithm. We also propose a mechanism to detect and remove the black and gray hole attacks. Our technique is based on sending data in terms of equal but small sized blocks instead of sending who...

The site. Go Foreign Estim States a affiliate as dow Produc eign D also ava number To ord United    present detailed estimates of the foreign direct investment position in the United States on a historical-cost, or book-value, basis and estimates of the related capital and income flows. These estimates can be used, for example, to see how the geographic and the industrial comp...

The measurement of fluid flows is an emerging field for optical flow computation. In a number of such applications, a tracer is visualized with modern digital cameras. Due to the projective nature of the imaging process, the tracer is integrated across a velocity profile. In this contribution, a novel technique is presented that explicitly models brightness changes due to this integration. Only...

We present in this paper a novel approach dedicated to the measurement of velocity in fluid experimental flows. Such information, which is fundamental for specialists, is usually computed by correlation methods on a special kind of images (named PIV). We present here a motion estimation technique which is based on an optical-flow extension. Results are presented on an experimental flow and are ...

In this paper, we propose a joint optical flow and principal component analysis (PCA) method for motion detection. PCA is used to analyze optical flows so that major optical flows corresponding to moving objects in a local window can be better extracted. This joint approach can efficiently detect moving objects and more successfully suppress small turbulence. It is particularly useful for motio...

This study investigates the effect of frame intervals on the accuracy of the Lucas–Kanade optical flow estimates for high-frame-rate (HFR) videos, with a view to realizing accurate HFR-video-based optical flow estimation. For 512×512 pixels videos of patterned objects moving at different speeds and captured at 1000 frames per second, the averages and standard deviations of the estimated optical...

Crowd motion analysis in public places is an important research subject in the monitoring field. This paper proposes an approach for detecting abnormal crowd motion using Hidden Conditional Random Fields Model (HCRF). This approach derives variations of motion patterns from direction distribution of the crowd motion obtained by the optical flow and these variations are encoded with HCRF to allo...

Wolpert and Macready's No Free Lunch theorem proves that no search algorithm is better than any other over all possible discrete functions. The meaning of the No Free Lunch theorem has, however, been the subject of intense debate. We prove that for local neighborhood search on problems of bounded complexity, where complexity is measured in terms of number of basins of attraction in the search s...

Standard FCM algorithm takes the pixel gray-scale information into account only, while ignoring the spatial location of pixels, so the standard FCM algorithm is sensitive to noise. This paper present a pavement image segmentation algorithm based on FCM algorithm using neighborhood information. The presented algorithm introduces neighborhood information into membership function to improve the st...