Introduction: All-optical wavelength converters (AOWC) are envisioned to be part of future high-speed networks. In particular, they might replace optical-to-electrical-to-optical (OEO) wavelength translator units in optical crossconnects [1]. However, to be practical, AOWCs must be able to convert signals that have been degraded during transmission over reasonable distances. Tolerance to timing...

This article is focused on reviewing the current state-of-the-art of optical fibre pressure sensors for medical applications. Optical fibres have inherent advantages due to their small size, immunity to electromagnetic interferences and their suitability for remote monitoring and multiplexing. The small dimensions of optical fibre-based pressure sensors, together with being lightweight and flex...

Following an episode of optic neuritis, thinning of the retinal nerve fibre layer, which indicates axonal loss, is observed using optical coherence tomography. The longitudinal course of the retinal changes has not been well characterized. We performed a serial optical coherence tomography study in patients presenting with optic neuritis in order to define the temporal evolution of retinal nerv...

For the operation of high void fraction bubbly flows in bubble columns, insight in primary parameters such as bubble size, shape and velocity as well as gas volume fraction is essential. At high gas volume fractions the flow system becomes opaque, ruling out non-intrusive optical techniques. As an alternative optical fibre probes can be used, which have the advantage of low cost, simplicity of ...

Lead-gallium-bismuth (PGB) is a non-silica based glass that can be used in the fabrication of optical fibre with high nonlinearity, low transmission loss, high thermal stability, and a broad transparency window. With a nonlinearity two orders higher than that of the fluoride based fibres, it has attracted much attention worldwide for its potential application in the mid-infrared region, particu...

Graphene is a highly versatile two-dimensional material platform that offers exceptional optical and electrical properties. Of these, its dynamic conductivity and low effective carrier mass are of particular interest for optoelectronic applications as they underpin the material's broadband nonlinear optical absorption and ultra-fast carrier mobility, respectively. In this paper, we utilize thes...

Graphene and its derivatives have become the most explored materials since Novoselov and Geim (Nobel Prize winners for Physics in 2010) achieved its isolation in 2004. The exceptional properties of graphene have attracted the attention of the scientific community from different research fields, generating high impact not only in scientific journals, but also in general-interest newspapers. Opti...

An important group of nonlinear processes in optical fibre involves the mixing of four waves due to the intensity dependence of the refractive index. It is customary to distinguish between nonlinear effects that require external/pumping waves (cross-phase modulation and parametric processes such as four-wave mixing) and self-action of the propagating optical field (self-phase modulation and mod...

In this paper, a low cost 3x3 coupler Mach-Zehnder interferometric optical fibre vibration sensor is proposed. Unlike traditional Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a strain free reference arm, two parallel optical fibres with different strain transfer sensitivity is adopted. With proper demodulation algorithm, the time rate of change of the strain can be computed from the light signal of the out...