We studied the time of origin, development and location of glial elements in the developing optic nerve of Xenopus with light and electron microscopy. The first cells acting as a primitive glia are ependymal cells lying dorsal to the chiasmatic optic nerve (CON) at Nieuwkoop & Faber (1956) NF stage 39. Later (stage 47/48), immature astrocyte cell bodies migrate from the periphery of the middle ...

The subarachnoid space around the optic nerve can be detected by fat-saturated T2-weighted MR imaging of the orbit, and dilation of this space reflects increased intracranial pressure. We examined 3 patients with CSF hypovolemia with MR imaging of the orbit and measured the optic nerve sheath diameter before and after treatment. We showed that the subarachnoid space is decreased in patients wit...

777 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia | Vol. 60 | Issue 10 | Oct 2016 of raised intracranial pressure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Intensive Care Med 2011;37:1059‐68. 7. Rajajee V, Vanaman M, Fletcher JJ, Jacobs TL. Optic nerve ultrasound for the detection of raised intracranial pressure. Neurocrit Care 2011;15:506‐15. 8. Govil D, Srinivasan S. Optic nerve sheath diameter measurement usi...

A 14-year-old who had 7episodes of relapsing unita­leral paralysis of facial nerve during 7 year-;. was admit­ted to the hospital. The X-Ray revealed Osteopetrosis, and the bone biopsy was proved this diagnosis. But there was not any bone fracture, or anemia. Pressure over fa­cial nerve caused by condensation of entire facial nerve canal. was detected by tomographia. Probablv intermitant facial...

PURPOSE Few studies have assessed optic disk and retinal morphology in infants. Here the optic disk and optic disk-to-fovea distance were measured in preterm and full-term infants in vivo. METHODS Optic disk (OD) dimensions and the center-to-center distance between the OD and the macula were measured using digital imaging in infants undergoing routine ophthalmic examinations. Postmenstrual ag...

Axon size in the optic nerves of three adult cats was measured using an accurate planimetric method. A sample of the axon complement was obtained from sets of more than 125 electron micrographs taken at each nerve. In contrast to previous reports, the distribution of axon diameter, as estimated from measurements of axonal cross-sectional area was clearly bimodal. The group of finest axons had a...

background sphenoid sinus is surrounded by many vital vascular and nervous structures. in more than 20% of patients with chronic sinusitis, involvement of sphenoid sinus has been observed. besides, sphenoid sinus is an appropriate route to access anterior and middle cranial fossa in surgery. therefore, it is important to have an adequate knowledge about the contents of sphenoid sinus and its pr...

purpose: to report the first case of concomitant optic nerve transection and chorioretinitis sclopetaria patient and findings: a 12-year-old boy with history of bb gun injury to his right eye was referred for loss of vision 8 months after the accident. visual acuity in the right eye was counting fingers at one meter with 3+ rapd. on slit lamp examination, right eye seemed normal except 1+ anter...

The purpose of this work is to establish a reference scale of optic nerve pathway measurements in pediatric patients according to age using MRI. Optic nerve pathway measurements were retrospectively analyzed using an orbits equivalent sequence on brain MRI scans of 137 pediatric patients (72 male, 65 female, average age = 7.7 years, standard deviation  = 5.3). The examinations were performed on...

Aim: To investigate the correlation between retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head (ONH) size in normal white subjects by means of optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: 54 eyes of 54 healthy subjects aged between 15 and 54 underwent peripapillary RNFL thickness measurement by a series of three circular scans with a 3.4 mm diameter (Stratus OCT, RNFL Thickness 3.4...