background the phrase “minimally invasive” is used loosely due to the wide range of surgical options and generally means a procedure not involving a large open incision. in 1998, dr. paolo miccoli at the university of pisa developed a technique of minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (mivat) for patients presenting with small thyroid nodules. the procedure involves a smaller incision...

background many factors effect on management (surgical and nonsurgical) of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais). objectives the purpose of this study was evaluation of the effects of generalized ligamentous laxity (gll) on surgical treatment of ais. materials and methods 72 patients with ais were studied between 2002 and 2009. 24 cases (33.4%) were placed in group a (normal) while 48 patients ...

background: hypoalbuminemia may be caused by liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, burns, protein-losing entropathy, malnutrition, and metabolic stress. alterations in albumin in metabolic stress such as cardiac surgery have been previously investigated. we studied serum albumin concentration in children with congenital heart disease and also the association of hypoalbuminemia with mortality and m...

BACKGROUND Cataract surgery is one of the most common medical procedures undertaken worldwide. AIMS To investigate whether cataract surgery can improve driving performance and whether this can be predicted by changes in visual function. METHODS 29 older patients with bilateral cataracts and 18 controls with normal vision were tested. All were licensed drivers. Driving and vision performance...

Aravind Eye Care System began as an 11-bed eye clinic in 1976. Over the last 36 years, over 40 million outpatient examinations have been performed and over 5 million patients have undergone eye surgery or laser procedures. Aravind, with its mission to 'eliminate needless blindness', has been able to achieve this by adhering to the principle of providing large volume, high quality and affordable...

Ten participants attending elective anterior segment eye surgery received 0.5% caspofungin eye drops either 1 drop hourly for 4 h or 1 drop an hour before surgery. The eye drops were generally well tolerated. In the absence of inflammation or corneal abrasion, topical caspofungin does not achieve clinically relevant concentrations.

Purpose. To investigate refractive changes after strabismus correction procedures among adults. Methods. Retrospective chart review of adult patients who had horizontal recti muscles surgery with preoperative and postoperative cycloplegic refraction measurements. The preoperative refraction was mathematically subtracted from the postoperative refraction, and the induced refractive changes were ...

eye care services involves raising awareness about eye care in general, raising awareness about the existence and benefits of a particular eye clinic or hospital, and being clear about the costs involved. People in the community may be unaware of the existence of eye care services; they may also think that they do not need the services, or that they will not be able to afford the treatments. Pe...

PURPOSE Surgical confusions have been rarely studied, especially in ophthalmology. The author hypothesized that such confusions occur rarely but are unacceptable in the public, legal, and regulatory arenas; often occur in circumstances presenting predictable risk; more often involve wrong lens implant than wrong eye, procedure, or patient; and can be prevented by following the Universal Protoco...

The purpose of the study was to examine spatio-temporal characteristics of horizontal eye movements in the natural space (saccade, vergence and combined movements) in young subjects with early onset convergent or divergent strabismus. Nine young subjects (8-20 years old) were tested: three with divergent strabismus, six with convergent strabismus. A standard paradigm was used to elicit pure hor...