This research-in-progress seeks to understand the effects of crowdsourcing idea generation and selection on new product performance. The extent of crowdsourcing is conceptualized in terms of openness in idea generation and selection; new product performance is measured in terms of product innovativeness and sales growth. Preliminary findings from an analysis of 50 products indicate that idea ge...

We investigated effects of nutrient availability on shoot structure and light-interception efficiency based on data from control (C) and irrigated + fertilized (IL) trees of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The sampling of 1-year-old shoots was designed to cover the variation in canopy exposure within the live crown zone, where current-year shoots were still found. Canopy openness was u...

BACKGROUND During the 2008-2010 economic recession, Kentucky local health department (LHD) leaders utilized innovative strategies to maintain their programs. A characteristic of innovative strategy is leader openness to change. Leader demographical research in for-profit organizations has yielded valuable insight into leader openness to change. For LHD leaders, the nature of the association bet...

T he main objective of this paper was the investigation of the impact of the trade openness on economic growth in Pakistan. We have been employed both the Johensen and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Co-integration together with ECM Techniques for the period 1975-2016. The empirical estimated results are the sound evidence that there exists a short...

Since the 1980s, income inequality has increased significantly in developed and developing countries. The literature also seen studies that attempt to explain this rising trend inequality. Some explaining increase various ways have focused on economic globalization. Questions how steps taken towards liberalization international trade finance increasing market integration affect been at center o...