AIMS The study was designed to test the clinical application of the grading of lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF) as a diagnostic test for dry eye. METHODS At 12 centres in 11 countries, 272 eyes of 272 dry eye patients (75 men, 197 women) were examined. Their mean age was 52.7±16.2 years. The LIPCOF were graded according to the method of Höh et al. The tear film break-up time (BUT) was...

OBJECTIVE To develop a classification system for blepharitis and dry eye based on a classification-tree model of a large group of subjects who were given a variety of objective physiologic tests. METHODS We evaluated 513 subjects, some healthy and some with blepharitis and dry eye,with tests for tear volume, tear flow, and tear turnover and the Schirmer test for dry eye. Meibomian gland funct...

The dry eye syndrome is a common eye symptom causing blurry vision. To meet the demand of the modem world students and professionals are compelled to expose themselves to the computer screen for long stretch of time, which is one of the causes of dry eye. It is not always feasible to instil eyes with artificial tears time to time to protect them from dryness. Rather to adopt any simple physiolo...

OBJECTIVES To investigate tear ferning (TF) test repeatability between sessions by observing changes in the tear fern pattern during the day. METHODS Twenty-three healthy young adults (15 men and 8 women), ranging in age from 20 to 32 years (mean ± SD: 22.9 ± 3.3 years) without signs or symptoms of dry eye disease, ocular disease, or contact lens wear were enrolled in the study. Schirmer I, t...

Dry eye has gained recognition as a public health problem given its high prevalence, morbidity and cost implications. Although dry eye is common and affects patients' quality of life, only one medication, cyclosporine 0.05% emulsion, has been approved by the US FDA for its treatment. In this review, we summarize the basic science and clinical data regarding the use of cyclosporine in the treatm...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate tear levels of neuromediators in patients with dry eye disease and to identify statistical correlations with the clinical findings. METHODS Nineteen patients with dry eye disease (Sjögren syndrome, n = 5 patients; non-Sjögren syndrome, n = 10; and ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, n = 4) and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The eyes of all participants were evaluated b...

Objectives. To evaluate the effects of microincision cataract surgery on dry eye-associated symptoms and signs. Methods. This prospective study included 40 eyes of 32 patients. Microincision cataract surgery was performed to eyes through 2.2 mm superior clear corneal incision. Dry eye-associated symptom scoring, corneal sensitivity test, Schirmer 1 test, tear break-up time (tBUT) were measured ...

purpose: to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of dry eye in the patients referred to an eye clinic in birjand, iran. methods: this cross sectional descriptive-analytical study consisted of 600 patients who were referred to the eye clinic of birjand, iran between september 2010 and september 2011. they were given a simple questionnaire about the risk factors of dry eye including the demog...

purpose: to evaluate and compare tear secretion and tear film instability following laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) and laser assisted subepithelial keratectomy (lasek). methods: in a randomized clinical trial, 30 eyes of 15 patients underwent lasik and 30 eyes of 15 patients underwent lasek to correct myopia. tear secretion and tear film instability were tested preoperatively, 2 and 6 wee...

BACKGROUD This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of intraoperative used hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC 2%) on the ocular surface after cataract surgery. METHODS A total of 149 eyes (149 patients) diagnosed with age-related cataract, age 69.19 ± 9.74 years, were enrolled in this prospective, parallel-design, continuous, randomised controlled study. Patients were randomly as...