from its emergence till present time marxist principles has undergone great changes since their promulgation by marx. many theorists and thinkers set at rectifying marxist tenets and introducing those of their own while others advocated its main concepts and attempted at improving them. among marxist philosophers who had an intensive study of marxs ideology, is louis althusser whose reflections...

this study purported to compare and contrast the use of self-mention and evidentials as two mtadiscourse features in opinion columns of persian and english newspapers. the theoretical basis of this study is the idea that metadiscourse features vary across cultural boundaries. for this purpose, 150 persian and 150 english opinion columns were collected based on three factors of topic, audience a...

increasing academic and professional language demands around the world are not a deniable fact. the purpose of this study was to investigate english language needs and communication needs of the chemistry students at master and ph.d. levels at the iranian universities. in this research, different methods were used including un-structured interview, structured interview, and two sets of question...

the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between listening proficiency and metacognitive listening strategies awareness among low, mid, and highly self-regulated students. three hundred and seventy one efl students participated in this study (all grade 3 and 4 high-school students who were studying in khansar in academic year 1391-92). to gather the data, three ...

according to coates’s (2004, as cited in zhang, 2010) definition of "conversational dominance" (p.111), it refers to the phenomenon of a speaker dominating others in interaction. specifically, it means how a speaker makes use of certain strategies to get the floor and maintain the floor. thus, the amount of talk is the main measurement for the dominance of the conversation. whether a speaker do...

Background & Objectives: The aim of this study was carried out to compare knowledge, attitude and practice of urban and rural households towards osteopenia and osteoporosis in Golestan, Sistan & Balouchestan and Boushehr provinces in Iran. Methods: single-stage cluster sampling was used. The questions about knowledge about, attitude toward and practice of nutritional factors related to ost...

بخش اول این پایان نامه به طور عمده بر توسعه کاربردهای جدید n-(پارا-تولوئن سولفونیل) ایمیدازول (tsim) و تری فنیل فسفین/ تتراکلرید کربن در تبدیل گروههای عاملی به یکدیگر استوار است. نظر به تنوع زیاد، دردسترس بودن، سمیت کمتر و نقل و انتقال آسان تر الکل ها نسبت به آلکیل هالیدها، تبدیل مستقیم گروه هیدروکسیل به گروه های عاملی دیگر مثل آزید، نیتریل و استر یکی از مهم ترین تبدیلات در سنتزهای آلی است. با ...

drought is transient phenomenon , slow , repetitive and integral part of the climate of each region. drought begins with a substantial reduction in precipitation over the long-term average rainfall and over time, reduced soil moisture and surface and ground water resources will continue to decrease. this phenomenon is the most important in bakhtegan basin because of its importance in strategic ...

the present study sought to investigate the impact of using mind-mapping technique instruction on female elementary efl learners reading comprehension; it also investigated their attitudes towards using mind-mapping technique as a tool to improve their reading comprehension. this study followed a quasi-experimental design with two intact groups as experimental, and control groups. the participa...