Heavy high viscosity oils, transformer oils, and very light low viscosity oils have been used in a Norwegian company in the impregnation, sheathing, and installation of paper insulated cables. The aim of the present study was to determine exposures to oils and other chemicals at these workplaces from 1920 to 1979. Oil mist was sampled on glass fibre or membrane filters and analysed by infrared ...

Methyl and ethyl esters were prepared from camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] oil by homogenous base-catalyzed transesterification for evaluation as biodiesel fuels. Camelina oil contained high percentages of linolenic (32.6 wt.%), linoleic (19.6 wt.%), and oleic (18.6 wt.%) acids. Consequently, camelina oil methyl and ethyl esters (CSME and CSEE) exhibited poor oxidative stabilities and hi...

This study offers comprehensive details on the use of bio-fuel as a viable and alternative source of energy. The bio-fuel was prepared from vegetable oil, i.e., mustard oil and tested in a diesel engine in both pure form and as a diesel blend. The mustard oil blend proportions were 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% and named as bio-diesel blends B20, B30, B40 and B50. A fuel-testing laboratory determined t...

The most important factor affecting efficacy and drift of pesticide applications is the droplet spectrum. To measure pesticide drift, researchers utilize fluorescent tracers to rapidly quantify spray deposition. Although fluorescent tracers have been used for more than 50 years, no experiments have been performed on the effect they have on the properties of pesticide formulations (density and v...

A combination of electrical conductivity, dynamic viscosity, dynamic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering methods was used to study the properties of the water + propylene glycol/mixed nonionic surfactants/ peppermint oil + ethanol U-type microemulsions which can be diluted with any amount of water. The surfactants were sucrose laurate and ethoxylated mono-di-glyceride. The mixing ...

Rheological characteristics of Al2O3, CuO and TiO2 nano particles were investigated in oil asthe base fluid at 1 and 2 wt.%. Constitutive relations for non-Newtonian fluid were discussedbased on the power-law model. Measured viscosities of each nanofluid were used to evaluatethe power-law and consistency index. Results indicated that the nanofluid viscosity decreasedby increasing the concentrat...

Background Polydimethyl silicones (silicone oils) are used in complex retinal surgeries, including difficult or recurrent retinal detachments, severe eye trauma, and other indications for long term tamponade. Two major problems with currently available silicone oils are emulsification and recurrent retinal detachment. The primary endpoint of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and safety of...

A supercritical methanol transesterification method was applied to produce biodiesel from the high-acid oil of soybean soapstock. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced with various molar ratios of methanol to raw oil were analyzed and compared in this experimental study. Oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and palmitic acid (C16:0) were the three main compounds in the high-acid oil-b...

Effect of strong electrolytes on the viscosity of canola oil in 1,4 dioxane was undertaken. The viscosity of oil in 1,4 dioxane was found to increase with the concentration of oil and decrease with rise in temperature. Strong electrolytes reduce the rate of flow of oil in 1,4 dioxane. It was noted that amongst these electrolytes, NaOH is more efficient reducing electrolyte than HCl and NaCl. Th...

Unconventional oils mainly heavy oils, extra heavy oils and bitumens represent a significant share of the total oil world reserves. Oil companies have expressed interest in unconventional oil as alternative resources for the energy supply. These resources are composed usually of viscous oils and, for this reason, their use requires additional efforts to guarantee the viability of the oil recove...