Currently, oil spill pollution is one of the major environmental concerns for sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) aquaculture. During spills, spraying chemical dispersants generally considered an efficient response. However, impact dispersant deployment during spills on cucumbers still less known. In this study, we treated with physically and chemically (by GM-2 dispersant) dispersed Oman cru...

ABSTRACT Chemical dispersant formulations typically provide maximum oil dispersion in waters between 30–40 ppt (parts per thousand) salt content, which encompasses typical ocean salinity (~34 ppt). As a result, most laboratory studies of effectiveness (DE) are conducted at low to average salinity. Ocean can vary locally from below 20 during ice and snow melt, extremely high (over 100 ppt) freez...

Excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMS) was used to characterize the ultra violet fluorescence fingerprints of eight crude oils (with a 14,470-fold range of dynamic viscosity) in seawater. When the chemical dispersant Corexit 9500 was mixed with the oils prior to their dispersion in seawater, the fingerprints of each oil changed primarily as an increase in fluorescence over an emission b...

Abstract The low oil recovery rates reported during Macondo (3–5% of the released oil) have caused discussions regarding efficiency mechanical compared to other spill response options. These unfortunately been used as reference in several later modelling studies and analysis. Multiple factors could explain these rates, such operational priorities, where dispersants and/or situ burning are given...

Abstract Subsea dispersant injection (SSDI) has been implemented as a response method since it was first used in large-scale during the Macondo subsea blow-out Gulf of Mexico 2010. Oil and gas operators have access to SSDI equipment through multiple suppliers equipment. This is crucial part capping containment package offered event blow-out. The concept ensure spill site (remove surface oil), i...

After the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, large volumes of crude oil were washed onto and embedded in the sandy beaches and sublittoral sands of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Some of this oil was mechanically or chemically dispersed before reaching the shore. With a set of laboratory-column experiments we show that the addition of chemical dispersants (Corexit 9500A) increases the mo...