The cost of chemicals prohibits many technically feasible enhanced oil recovery methods to be applied in oil fields. It is shown that by-products from oil palm processing can be a source of valuable chemicals. Analysis of the pyrolysis oil from oil palm shells, a by-product of the palm oil industry, reveals a complex mixture of mainly phenolic compounds, carboxylic acids, and aldehydes. The phe...

abstract: this paper discusses two topics. at first, it uses continuous wavelet (morlet) transform, coherency, and phase angle analysis to study the effect of mean volatility in opec crude oil prices, wti crude oil prices, brent crude oil prices and iran’s crude oil prices on the iran’s reer. to this end, the monthly data of the variables for years 2003 to 2012 is used. coherency analysis revea...

Many satellite-borne image data have been acquired in the Arabian Gulf since the mid 80’s by different space agencies and have demonstrated oil spill related features at sea. Severe oil spills were caused occasionally by accidental or deliberate oil sludge dumping from passing ships. Serious damage to fishery, water desalination plants and natural habitats are concerned. The work done is the fi...

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of the frying media and storage time on the fatty acid composition (FAC) and iodine value (IV) of deep-fat fried potato chips. The frying experiment was conducted at 180oC for five consecutive days. Six frying media were considered as the main treatments: refined, bleached, deodorized (RBD) palm olein (A), canola oil (C), RB...

The oil cooling gallery is arranged at the top of the piston, which can effectively reduce the heat load of the piston. In this paper, finite element analysis and fatigue analysis by FE-safe are used to calculate the effects of the different positions of the oil cooling gallery to the temperature, stress field and the fatigue strength of the bowl rim, top land, first ring groove, second land an...

This paper develops an econometric framework for the analysis of exploration and production policies of "price-taking" suppliers, and derives theoretically-consistent exploration and output equations for oil which explicitly take account of the oil discovery process and the intertemporal nature of exploration and production decisions. The framework is then applied to an empirical analysis of oi...

olive oil is one of the foods that are preferred by consumers seeking healthy nutrition. healthy, safety and high quality olive oil production can only be achieved in olive oil enterprises that follow these criteria. therefore, food safety and quality management systems should be placed in these olive oil enterprises. the aim of this study was to determine behaviors and attitudes of firm owners...

in this research, the effects of organic fertilizers (bovine, sheep, leaf mould and vermicompost fertilizers) combined with foliar application of salicylic acid (sa) at the rate of 0, 10-2, 10-4 and 10-6 m on essential oil percentage and some secondary metabolites of lemon balm were investigated. the experiment was conducted as complete randomized block design with factorial arrangement in pots...

Silicone oil use as an adjunct to complicated vitreoretinal surgery is becoming more frequent. Refractory glaucoma in these patients is common. Isolated reports have mentioned the possibility of silicone oil migrating and/or obstructing the tube in the anterior chamber of Molteno implants (IOP, Costa Mesa, Calif). This report describes a case of intraocular silicone oil egressing through an Ahm...

Oil sands, as unconventional oil, are so essential to both Canada and the world that special attention should be paid to their extraction status, especially their energy efficiency. One of the most commonly used methods to evaluate energy efficiency is the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) analysis. This paper focuses on EROI analysis for both in situ oil sands and mining oil sands over the pe...