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BACKGROUND The majority of studies on concussion in the National Football League (NFL) focus on testing, evaluation, and outcomes. Meanwhile, there is a paucity of research on how a team's style of play influences the risk of concussion. HYPOTHESIS Style of play, such as offensive and defensive strategies, is associated with the rate of concussions in the NFL. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive epide...

Let G be a simple graph with vertex set V (G). A non-empty set S ⊆ V (G) is a global strong offensive alliance if for every vertex v in V (G)−S, a strict majority of its closed neighborhood is in S. The global strong offensive alliance number γô(G) is the minimum cardinality of a global strong offensive alliance of G. We show that if G is a connected bipartite graph of order at least three, the...

The purpose of this study was to develop a laboratory analogue for the study of peer sexual harassment, and to examine person and situational factors associated with male on female peer sexual harassment. One hundred twenty-two male participants were given the opportunity to tell jokes to a female confederate from a joke list that included sexually offensive jokes, as well as other types of jok...

A baseball team's offensive prowess is a function of two types of abilities: batting and baserunning. While each has been studied extensively in isolation, the effects of their interaction is not well understood. We model offensive output as a scalar function f of an individual player's batting and baserunning profile z. Each of these profiles is in turn estimated from Retrosheet data using hei...

Let G = (V, E) be a graph and let W:V→N be a non-negative integer weighting of the vertices in V. A nonempty set of vertices S ⊆ V is called a weighted defensive alliance if ∀v ∈ S ,∑u∈N[v]∩S w(u) ≥ ∑x∈N(v)−S w(x). A non-empty set S ⊆ V is a weighted offensive alliance if ∀v ∈ δS ,∑u∈N(v)∩S w(u) ≥ ∑x∈N[v]−S w(x). A weighted alliance which is both defensive and offensive is called a weighted pow...

We tested the effects of team strategic orientation on teammember perceptions, work strategy and information search. In Experiment 1, 80 teams worked on a hidden profile decision-making task. A defensive team strategic orientation increased members’ perceptions of the problem’s scope, leading to a more process-focused work strategy and broader information search compared to an offensive team st...

This study examined heterosexism that is not specifically targeted at LGB individuals, but may be experienced as antigay harassment, and may contribute to the stigma and stress they experience. LGB partici­ pants (N = 175, primarily Euro-American college students), read scenarios of heterosexuals saying or assuming things potentially offensive to gay men or lesbian women. For each scenario, the...

The harm thesis—the assumption that words harm people—is a defining feature of sexual harassment, hate speech, verbal abuse, and obscene telephone call (OTC) offenses. This thesis ignores the possibility that swearing can be advantageous, cathartic, or an acceptable substitute for physical aggression. Observational data, courtroom evidence and verbal abuse research reviewed here produce conflic...