BACKGROUD Retinal racemose hemangioma (RRH) is a rare congenital disorder that often co-occurs with other ocular complications. In this study, we present a case of RRH complicated with retinal vein obstruction in three branches and provide a review of ocular complications and associations with RRH. CASE PRESENTATION One case of RRH is presented. Fundus examination, fluorescein angiography (FF...

Ocular rosacea is an important and underdiagnosed chronic inflammatory disorder observed in children. A clinical spectrum ranging from chronic eyelid inflammation, recurrent ocular redness, photophobia and/or hordeola/chalazions and conjunctival/corneal phlyctenules evolving to neovascularization and scarring may occur. Visual impairment and consequent amblyopia are frequent and corneal perfora...

Purpose: To review current knowledge about ocular effects of sulfur mustard (SM) and the associated histopathologic findings and clinical manifestations Methods: Literature review of medical articles (human and animal studies) was accomplished using PubMed, Scopus and ISI databases. A total of 274 relevant articles in English were retrieved and reviewed thoroughly. Results: Eyes are the most se...

Purpose: To review current knowledge about ocular effects of sulfur mustard (SM) and the associated histopathologic findings and clinical manifestations Methods: Literature review of medical articles (human and animal studies) was accomplished using PubMed, Scopus and ISI databases. A total of 274 relevant articles in English were retrieved and reviewed thoroughly. Results: Eyes are the most se...

BACKGROUND Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is defined as herpes zoster involvement of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Ocular involvement occurs in 20-70% of patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus and may include blepharitis, keratoconjunctivitis, iritis, scleritis, and acute retinal necrosis. Orbital apex syndrome is a rare but severe ocular complication of herpes zoster ophthalmi...

Introduction: The first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were identified in Wuhan, China, December 2019, and then it immediately spread to other parts the world. Conjunctivitis has been reported as one manifestations disease. In this study, we report a three-year-old child with confirmed diagnosis COVID-19 developing conjunctivitis Iran. Case Presentation: patient was male who refer...

purpose: controversy has recently risen about the presence of compensatory ocular countertorsion (coct) after head tilt. this study was performed to define the functional range of this phenomenon. methods: cycloplegic autorefraction was performed on 80 eyes with regular astigmatism 2d. objective autorefraction was performed in normal position, right and left head tilt positions of 5º, 10º, 15º,...