A number of risk factors appear to play a role in Hepatocellularcinoma (HCC), HBV infection being one of the most important. Chronic inflammation and cytokines are key determinants in the development of fibrosis and liver cell proliferation. HBV DNA integration and/or expression of HBV proteins may have a direct effect on cellular functions. Occult hepatitis B virus infection is characterized b...

The event of mutations in the surface antigen gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) results in undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen with positive/negative anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) antibody status in serum and this phenomenon is named occult hepatitis B infection (OBI). The presence of anti-HBc antibody in serum is an important key for OBI tracking, although about 20% of OBI cases are nega...

conclusions the palestinian and israeli official policies to give a booster dose for risk groups like medical students at anti-hbs level below 10 miu/ml should continue to ensure absolute protection. the currently-used vaccine and its time program cleared virus from students believed to have been exposed to the virus during their lifetime. background hepatitis b infection is a global public hea...

OBJECTIVE To describe the etiology of hepatitis and identify occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION A 40-year-old man presented with severe abdominal pain and jaundice, a history of acute HBV infection that had cleared as well as the use of acetaminophen, methamphetamine, buprenorphine and marijuana. He admitted to having had unprotected sex with mult...

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim was to evaluate the presence of occult HBV infection in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) with or without HCC in São Paulo, Brazil. Serum and liver tissue samples from 50 hepatitis B surface antigen-negative patients with HCV-r...

background occult hepatitis b infected (obi) patients cannot eradicate hepatitis b virus (hbv)-dna from their liver and peripheral blood, completely. objectives the main aim of this study was to investigate the rate of hla-a2 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of patients with obi. materials and methods in this experimental study, intensity of hla-a2 was measured on the pb...

A sentinel study on viral hepatitis is currently being carried out in the village of Cavunge in a semiarid rural region of the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This study has identified individuals in whom anti-HBc IgG was the only serological marker for hepatitis B virus (HBV). This serological pattern may constitute evidence of occult HBV infection. This study Investigated the possibility...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a serious cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of HBV reactivation is still unclear, but it is believed due to the suppression of immune response hence increasing the viral load. No uniform diagnostic criteria are available, HBV reactivation can be confirmed by an increase in serum H...