OBJECTIVES Segmentectomy is one of the treatment options for small-sized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although growing results support the feasibility and efficacy, it still remains unclear in segmentectomy. The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer recommended a revised classification of TNM staging in 2009 (the seventh edition) and multidisciplinary classification of a...

PURPOSE Survival outcomes in patients presenting with well-differentiated thyroid cancer with pulmonary metastasis are variable. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors for outcome in this patient population. METHODS A prospective registry database was searched to identify patients presenting with pulmonary metastasis from well-differentiated thyroid cancer. All patients unde...

One of the challenges for future infrastructures is how to design a network with high efficiency and strong connectivity at low cost. We propose self-organized geographical networks beyond the vulnerable scale-free structure found in many real systems. The networks with spatially concentrated nodes emerge through link survival and path reinforcement on routing flows in a wireless environment wi...

While Aurora-A (Aur A) provokes, BRCA2 restrains primary tumorigenesis, the roles of Aur A and BRCA2 in cancer metastasis remains unclear. Here, we show that the metastatic promoting markers SLUG, FBN1, and MMP2, 9, 13 are either stimulated or suppressed by Aur A or BRCA2, but the metastatic suppressors E-cadherin, β-catenin, and p53 are either inhibited or promoted by Aur A or BRCA2, leading t...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether preoperative platelets to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could predict disease stage, surgical outcome, and survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS Medical records of EOC patients who had surgery between January 2004 and December 2010 were reviewed. Clinicopathological and complete blood count data were collected. The optimal predictive value ...

Once they have observed information, hindsight biased agents fail to remember how ignorant they were initially, “they knew it all along.” We formulate a theoretical model of this bias, providing a foundation for empirical measures, and implying that hindsight biased agents conduct incorrect learning about volatility. In an experiment involving 67 students from Mannheim University, we find that ...

In this paper we show that, paradoxically, what looks like a “universal improvement” or a “straight-forward improvement” which enables better security and better reliability on a theoretical level, may in fact, within certain operational contexts, introduce new exposures and attacks, resulting in a weaker operational cryptosystem. We demonstrate a number of such dangerous “improvements”. This i...

The benchmark dose (BMD) method has been recommended to replace the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) approach in health risk assessment of chemical substances. In the present article, developments in BMD analysis from continuous experimental data are proposed. The suggested approach defines the BMD as the dose at which the slope of the S-shaped dose-response relationship changes the mos...

The aim of this work is to analyse Maximum Admissible Concentration (MAC) values proposed for irritants by the Group of Experts for Chemical Agents in Poland, based on the RD50 value. In 1994-2004, MAC values for irritants based on the RD50 value were set for 17 chemicals. For the purpose of the analysis, 1/10 RD50, 1/100 RD50 and the MAC/RD50 ratio were calculated. The determined MAC values ar...

BACKGROUND We investigated the epidemiology and prevalence of potential risk factors of tuberculosis (TB) recurrence in a population-based registry cohort of 8084 TB cases between 1995 and 2013. METHODS An episode of recurrent TB was defined as a case re-registered in the National Infectious Disease Register at least 360 days from the date of the initial registration. A regression model was u...