The compound 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) is known to have lethal, mutagenic, and bacteriophage-inducing properties similar to those of ultraviolet light (UV) in Escherichia coli (S. Kondo and T. Kato, Proc. 2nd Intern. Biophys. Congr., Vienna, 1966, in press). We found that this correlation holds for the lethal and, perhaps, [optical density value at 600 nm (OD600), 0.3] in nutrient broth o...

Sustainable farming systems provide food for humans while balancing nutrient management. Inclusion or exclusion of livestock has management implications, as produce from otherwise inedible crops and their manure is a valuable soil conditioner. However, plant-based diets are becoming more widespread due to perceived environmental benefits. We measure both production in terms nourishment (in this...

BACKGROUND There is an ongoing debate regarding health-related on-pack information appearing on products with low nutritional quality. The purpose of the study was to contribute to this discussion by examining the relationship between health-related on-pack information and the overall nutritional value of highly processed ready-to-eat breakfast cereals (RTECs). METHODS Maximum variation sampl...

Many mutualistic microbial relationships are based on nutrient cross-feeding. Traditionally, cross-feeding is viewed as being unidirectional, from the producer to the recipient. This is likely true when a producer's waste, such as a fermentation product, has value only for a recipient. However, in some cases the cross-fed nutrient holds value for both the producer and the recipient. In such cas...

Animals often decide between alternative actions according to their current needs, and hence the value they assign to each of the competing options. This process is of special relevance during nutrient balancing, in which animals choose between different food sources according to their current nutritional state. How such value-based decision making is implemented at the molecular and neuronal l...

Since Voit and Bauer (1869) published their observations on nutrient enemata, numerous papers have been written dealing with the question of absorption from' the rectum.' As yet, no unanimity of opinion exists regarding their value. In recent years, few contributions to the subject have been made. The present paper is a report of investigations performed with three of the more important substan...

The other articles in this supplement to the Journal presented the science behind 4 nutrient profiling systems currently available in the US marketplace that cross manufacturers and apply to multiple food categories and have considered their value as tools to promote positive behavior change in American consumers. This article discusses these nutrient profiling systems in terms of the consumer'...

There is a tendency to consider forages largely in terms of their energy value or TDN. However, the feeding value of forage is actually a more complex function of its nutrient composition, chemical-physical characteristics of its fiber, acceptability (palatability), and associative interactions it might have with other dietary ingredients. Because forages are not usually cost-competitive with c...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine differences in nutrient intake and food consumption by the presence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS Study subjects in this cross-sectional study were recruited from four outpatient clinics in and near the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea between 2006 and 2012. A total of 668 subjects (413 men and 255 wom...

Research on elephant grass with 2 x factorial repeated five times has been carried out at AGRO-1 and AGRO-2, Tuntang watershed. Observed variables were: plant height, forage production, dry matter content, crude protein, fiber. Soil samples were observed including soil bulk density, pH, total N. Plant height in was higher (85.1 cm) than the AGRO-2 system (71.5 cm). Season affects growth as indi...