Anautogenous mosquitoes depend on vertebrate blood as nutrient source for their eggs. A highly efficient set of membrane transporters mediates the massive movement of nutrient amino acids between mosquito tissues after a blood meal. Here we report the characterization of the amino-acid transporter Slimfast (Slif) from the yellow-fever mosquito Aedes aegypti using codon-optimized heterologous ex...

In this study, a new-generation subsurface upflow wetland (SUW) system packed with the unique sorption media was introduced for nutrient removal. To explore the interface between hydraulic and environmental performance, a tracer study was carried out in concert with a transport model to collectively provide hydraulic retention time (7.1 days) and compelling evidence of pollutant fate and transp...

Normal uptake, transportation, and assimilation of primary nutrients are essential to plant growth. Tracheary elements (TEs) are tissues responsible for the transport of water and minerals and characterized by patterned secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening. Exocysts are involved in the regulation of SCW deposition by mediating the targeted transport of materials and enzymes to specific membrane...

Abstract Ocean circulation supplies the surface ocean with nutrients that fuel global productivity. However, mechanisms and rates of water nutrient transport from deep to upper are poorly known. Here, we use nitrogen isotopic composition nitrate place observational constraints on Southern into pycnocline (roughly 1.2 km), as opposed directly ocean. We estimate 62 ± 5% phosphate originate Ocean....

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Formation of root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) can be induced by nutrient deficiency. In species adapted to aerobic soil conditions, this response is adaptive by reducing root maintenance requirements, thereby permitting greater soil exploration. One trade-off of RCA formation may be reduced radial transport of nutrients due to reduction in living cortical tissue. To test this ...

Diatoms have evolved a multitude of morphologics, including highly elongated cells and cell chains. Elongation and chain formation have many possible functions, such as grazing protecticn or effects on sinking. Here, a model of diffusive and advective nutrient transport is used to predict impacts of cell shape and chain length on potential nutrient supply and uptake in a turbulent environment. ...

In omnivores, gradual alterations in dietary nutrient composition are observed. To efficiently absorb dietary nutrients these animals alter intestinal nutrient transporter expression to match the pattern of nutrient intake. This often involves reprogramming the crypt cell to express greater numbers of the relevant transport system. The aim of this study was to determine whether vagal afferents ...

Dispersal of organisms has large effects on the dynamics and stability of populations and communities. However, current metacommunity theory largely ignores how the flows of limiting nutrients across ecosystems can influence communities. We studied a meta-ecosystem model where two autotroph-consumer communities are spatially coupled through the diffusion of the limiting nutrient. We analyzed re...

Twenty years ago, the highest active glucose transport rate and lowest passive glucose permeability in vertebrates were reported in Rufous and Anna's hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus, Calypte anna). These first measurements of intestinal nutrient absorption in nectarivores provided an unprecedented physiological foundation for understanding their foraging ecology. They showed that physiological ...

Mycorrhizal soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. var. Harosoy-63) plants have lower resistances to water transport than nonmy-corrhizal plants after 4.5 weeks of growth. Although resistances of whole plants differ by 40%, there were no differences in the resistances of stems plus leaves, indicating that the major effect of the mycorrhizae was to reduce the resistance of the roots. Since the fungitoxic...