Since brain's microvasculature is compromised in gliomas, intravenous injection of tumor-targeting nanoparticles containing drugs (D-NPs) and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO-NPs) can deliver high payloads of drugs while allowing MRI to track drug distribution. However, therapeutic effect of D-NPs remains poorly investigated because superparamagnetic fields generated by SPIO-NPs perturb conve...

Chromium is a trace metal of importance in human physiology and, in addition, as 51-chromate, has been extensively used as a label in the study of blood cell pool sizes and intravascular kinetics. The transport characteristics of 51-chromate were investigated in normal human leukocytes. Chromate uptake is unidirectional over a 1 hr incubation with extracellular chromate concentrations up to 200...

The uptake of methotrexate (MTX) and the effect of drugs known to either inhibit or enhance MTX transport in L1210 murine leukemia were studied in man using blast cells from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in vitro. MTX uptake was found to proceed slowly, requiring at least 160 min for cells to reach a "steady state" when extracellular MTX concentrations were 1 muM. Efflux of MTX from ...

Calcium retained at binding sites of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle requires 10(-5) - 10(-4)M ATP to exchange with (45)Ca added to the medium. The ATP requirement for Ca exchangeability was observed with respect to the "intrinsic" Ca of the reticulum membranes and the fraction of Ca that is "actively" bound in the presence of ATP. Furthermore, a concen...

We develop and test a model to predict the geographic region-of-origin of humans based on the stable isotope composition of their scalp hair. This model incorporates exchangeable and nonexchangeable hydrogen and oxygen atoms in amino acids to predict the delta(2)H and delta(18)O values of scalp hair (primarily keratin). We evaluated model predictions with stable isotope analyses of human hair f...

Soil classification has proceeded along the classical path of biological classifications but has not produced an internationally accepted system even though the WRB is supported by the IUSS. More recently Mazaheri et al. (1995a, 1995b) have tried to introduce Fuzzy logic into soil classification. They achieved a small amount of success when their technique was applied to selected soils in Austr...

Objective: The main purpose of this research is review of principles, concepts, problems and solutions of soil ethic. Methods: In this research by descriptive method and Delphi technique was used for identifying soil ethical concepts, soil ethical principles, problems and difficulties of soil ethics in Iran and al around the world and suggestions for improvement of soil ethics in Iran. The popu...

Zinc (Zn) availability and mobility in soils is controlled by its interaction with the soil matrix and amendments. Contradicting evidence has been reported for factors influencing Zn behavior in soils. The aim of this study was to investigate the Zn sorption in selected acid, calcareous and gypsiferous soils with different background electrolytes (Na+, K+ and H2PO4, NO3 and Cl backgrounds). Iso...

soil, a 3-dimensional component of the landscape, or simply a natural body in a soilscape with a given geopedological setting, was modeled by jenny as s = f (climate, organism, relief, parent material, time). to map such a complex body, the concept ‗pedon’ –the smallest volume that can be recognized as a soil had to be defined. classically, soil is known to function as provider, controller, reg...

land cover change constitutes one of main way of alteration of soil organic matter in both quantitative and qualitative terms. the goal of this study was to compare the carbon stock and the isotopic signature of the organic matter in the soil of areas with different land use, covered with forest and grass (pasture). the study area is located at sorocaba, sp, brazil. using un-deformed soil sampl...