The most relevant clinical trials, assessing the role of glycemic control in reducing cardiovascular risk, are examined. The UKPDS was the first to address this issue. More recent trials (ACCORD, ADVANCE and VADT) are controversial and evidences did not support that strict glycemic control (reflected by normal glycated hemoglobin) exclusively is sufficient to reduce cardiovascular risk in compl...

Type 2 diabetes makes a compelling case study for public health action (1). The disease respects no boundaries. It is increasingly common — occurring in both developed and developing countries (2), in men and women, at earlier ages than in past decades, and in persons of every race and ethnic group, with a high prevalence in Hispanic/Latino Americans and in other minority groups, including nonH...

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes, has been a major concern among health issues for Japanese policy requiring serious address. In this regard, the increasing number of people with diabetes in Japan over the past few decades has been regarded as a fundamental and evident problem. We herein clarify that the crude diabetes prevalence is likely to have increased mainly as a result of ch...