Despite two high profile series of challenges devoted to question answering technologies there remains no formal study into the representativeness that question corpora bear to real end-user inputs. We examine the corpora used presently and historically in the TREC and QALD challenges in juxtaposition with two more from natural sources and identify a degree of disjointedness between the two. We...

Plotkin’s style of Structural Operational Semantics (SOS) has become a de facto standard in giving operational semantics to formalisms and process calculi. In many such formalisms and calculi, the concepts of names, variables and binders are essential ingredients. In this paper, we propose a formal framework for dealing with names in SOS. The framework is based on the Nominal Logic of Gabbay an...

The BSMLlib is a library for Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP) programming with the functional language Objective Caml. It is based on an extension of the λ-calculus by parallel operations on a parallel data structure named parallel vector, which is given by intention. An attempt to add a parallel composition to this approach led to a non-confluent calculus [22] and to a restricted form of parall...

Introduction. Ps and Sp images of sub-moho negative arrivals beneath the intermountain region of western U.S. are made using dense (2-40 km station spacing) arrays shown to the left that recorded for 1-2 years: the CREST, RISTRA, SIEDCAR, LODORE, LARAMIE, BILLINGS array data combined with Transportable Array data. The nominal Sp interpretational zoo includes an LAB arrival thought to manifest t...