I. Ground‐level Ozone Formation a. Precursor (Ozone‐Forming) Emissions Ground‐level ozone (O3) is produced by a complex set of atmospheric chemical reactions that depend on precursor (ozone‐forming) emissions from numerous sources, both natural and of human origin. Ground‐level ozone formation is also dependent on weather and climatic factors. Temperature is an important factor in both weathe...

OBJECTIVES The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the possible correlation between ambient air pollution and orofacial cleft anomalies in newborns. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keywords "air pollution", "cleft lip", "cleft palate", "carbon monoxide", "ozone", "sulfur dioxide", "nitroge...

The exposure of icy Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) by ionizing radiation was simulated in this case of exposing carbon monoxide-nitrogen (CO-N(2)) ices by energetic electrons. The radiation-induced chemical processing was monitored on-line and in situ via FTIR spectroscopy and quadrupole mass spectrometry. Besides the array of carbon oxides being reproduced as in neat irradiated carbon monoxide (CO...

The need to control exhaust emissions from stationary power sources is dictated by environmental regulations that limit the amount of smoke (particulates), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen or NOx that can be exhausted into the atmosphere. In areas where atmospheric pollution is a serious concern, as in the Los Angeles basin, very low emission levels are dema...

We examined the associations between gaseous pollutants and hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) among elderly people living in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, a city in which ambient air pollution levels are relatively low. We regressed the logarithm of daily counts of acute COPD hospitalization during the 5-year period from 1994 to 1998 on the daily mean leve...

Sludge incineration in fluidized bed is a very complex process, producing gaseous pollutants (carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)). The legislative norms need to be respected in spite of variations of sludge in composition and in quantity. The NOx formation, due to lots of chemical reactions from sludge nitrogen, is partly unknown. This paper deals with the design of a dynamic model ...

The El Niño event of 1997/1998 caused dry conditions over the Indonesian area that were followed by large scale forest and savannah fires over Kalimantan, Sumatra, Java, and parts of Irian Jaya. Biomass burning was most intense between August and October 1997, and large amounts of ozone precursors, such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were emitted into the atmosphere. In th...

Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide; NO) is a simple molecule with diverse biological functions. NO and related reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS) mediate intricate physiological and pathophysiological effects in the central nervous system. Depending on environmental conditions, NO and RNOS can initiate and mediate neuroprotection or neurotoxicity either exclusively or synergistically with othe...

The removal of nitrogen oxides emitted by diesel and lean burn engines is one of the most important targets in catalytic exhaust aftertreatment research. Besides the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction with ammonia the most promising approach is the NOx Storage and Reduction Catalyst (NSR) which utilizes the nitrogen oxides storage on barium sites to form nitrates during the lean phase...

increasing energy demands associated with economic growth and industrialization have resulted in dramatic increases in air pollution emissions. air pollution damages the plant mainly by disrupting cell homeostatic conditions.in the present study, diverse plant criteria indicating air pollution from different levels including cell biochemistry, leaf and tree crown in the plane-tree were determin...