This chapter investigates current mobility trends and their implications for sustainability. It discusses factors that affect transport demands (the amount and type of travel that people would choose in a particular situation) and how demographic and economic trends affect these demands. During most of the last century, motor vehicle travel grew steadily in most developed countries. During this...

This paper describes the personalisation services designed for self e-learning networks in the SeLeNe project. A self e-learning network consists of web-based learning objects that have been made available to the network by its users, along with metadata descriptions of these learning objects and of the network’s users. The proposed personalisation facilities include: querying learning object d...

evaporation is one of the most important components of hydrologic cycle.accurate estimation of this parameter is used for studies such as water balance,irrigation system design, and water resource management. in order to estimate theevaporation, direct measurement methods or physical and empirical models can beused. using direct methods require installing meteorological stations andinstruments ...

We consider the problem of constructing facilities such as hospitals, airports, or malls in a country with a nonuniform population density, such that the average distance from a person's home to the nearest facility is minimized. We review some previous approximate treatments of this problem that indicate that the optimal distribution of facilities should have a density that increases with popu...

The downsizing and closing of state mental health institutions in Philadelphia in the 1990’s led to the development of a continuum care network of residential-based services. Although the diversity of care settings increased, congestion in facilities caused many patients to unnecessarily spend extra days in intensive facilities. This study applies a queuing network system with blocking to analy...

In the U.S., educational facilities consume a large amount of energy. Model predictive control schemes can improve the energy efficiency of educational facilities. Accurate and fast prediction of the cooling load is essential to performances of model predictive control schemes. Although many methods for the cooling load prediction were proposed, they are not suitable for educational facilities ...

Large research programs have been launched to address both the development of Future Internet architectures as well as suitable experimental facilities for testing. Recent research activities on experimental facilities try to share resources across organizational boundaries. This paper introduces an international cooperation effort on interconnecting network substrates of two Future Internet te...

For the third time in a generation, our nation is focusing attention on the thorny questions of national energy security. This time, however, it isn't just concern about fuel shortages and price spikes; it is also about the potential impacts of deliberate attacks on energy facilities, including the nations power plants and electric grids. Regulators and other public officials must now assess an...

We consider the incremental connected facility location problem, in which we are given a set of potential facilities, a set of interconnection nodes, a set of customers with demands, and a planning horizon. For each time period, we have to select a set of facilities to open, a set of customers to be served, the assignment of these customers to the open facilities, and a network that connects th...

Learning management systems may offer web-based exam facilities. Such facilities entail a higher risk to exams fraud than traditional paper-based exams. The article discusses security issues with web-based exams, and proposes precautionary measures to reduce the risks. A security model is presented that distinguishes supervision support, software restrictions, and network restrictions. Solution...