Delivering developmental care to premature infants requires a particular state of mind on the part of the entire health care team. When Heidelise Als originally developed the Neonatal Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program, (NIDCAP) her goal was to create a NICU environment in which nurses and other caregivers observed the behavior of premature infants to determine how to make...

BACKGROUND During lactation, especially the first few days after birth, some breast problems can cause pain and inadequate milk emptying. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of breast problems and their effect on neonatal complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 566 infants referred to Mashhad Ghaem Hospital clinic (from 2008 to 20...

Objective: To compare the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions (kangaroo care, cuddling, playing white noise, ambient sound) applied to newborns during heel stick procedure on newborns’ pain level, duration crying, and voice decibel. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized controlled trial including pre- post-tests four groups. The setting neonatal intensive care unit in T...

background: microorganisms that cause early neonatal sepsis are usually already colonized rectovaginal area in mothers. the most common of these organisms is group b streptococci (gbs) and intestinal gram-negative bacteria mostly escherichia coli (e.coli). the use of prophylactic antibiotics against gbs has increased in recent years. this study aimed to determine the current situation and frequ...

The nature and numbers of invasive procedures were studied in 54 consecutive infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. Over 3000 procedures were recorded, 74% in infants below 31 weeks of gestation. One infant (23 weeks' gestation, birth weight 560 g) underwent 488 procedures. Heel prick blood sampling was the most common procedure (56%), followed by endotracheal suction (26%) and int...

Background The use of opioid drugs for controlling pain during and after surgery is a common but complicated procedure in neonatal anesthesia. This study compared the analgesic effect of acetaminophen with fentanyl after abdominal and chest surgery in Iranian newborns. ...

Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit may experience a myriad of painful procedures and stressful experiences. Pain management for infants requiring mechanical ventilation is complex and challenging especially in the preterm population. Many infants may not receive analgesia, primarily due to the unknown long-term neurodevelopmental effects of morphine exposure on the developing brain. Cu...

Introduction: According to Millennium Development Goal (MDG) number 4, child mortality should be reduced by two thirds by 2015.  The focus has been on decreasing neonatal deaths in high-mortality countries. In this study, we assessed the recorded causes of neonatal hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and infant care wards. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was ca...

OBJECTIVES To compare the convergent validity of two measures of pain (premature infant pain profile (PIPP) and crying, requires oxygen, increased vital signs, expression, and sleepless (CRIES)) in real life postoperative pain assessment in infants. METHODS This study was a prospective, repeated measures, correlational design. Two staff nurses were randomly assigned either the PIPP or CRIES m...