INTRODUCTION HIV-infected patients require antiretroviral treatment for life. To improve access to care, CD4 enumeration and viral load tests have been redesigned to be used as point-of-care techniques using finger-stick blood. Accurate CD4 counting in capillary blood requires a free flowing blood drop that is achieved by blade incision. The aim of this study was to assess the attitude of the p...

This study was conducted to evaluate small-scale hot-water postpackaging pasteurization (PPP) as a postlethality (post-cooking) treatment for Listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat beef snack sticks and natural-casing wieners. Using a commercially available plastic packaging film specifically designed for PPP applications and 2.8 liters of boiling water (100 degrees C) in a sauce pan on a hot p...

  This study was carried out to investigate the rate of lipid oxidation in fresh rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and in the sticks treated by (2.5% w/v) sodium acetate (NaA), sodium citrate (NaC) and sodium lactate (NaL). The pH value, free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and sensory evaluation (odor, flavor and color) were determined on 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days of storage. The r...

  This study was carried out to investigate the rate of lipid oxidation in fresh rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and in the sticks treated by (2.5% w/v) sodium acetate (NaA), sodium citrate (NaC) and sodium lactate (NaL). The pH value, free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and sensory evaluation (odor, flavor and color) were determined on 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days of storage. The r...

OBJECTIVE We describe a case series constituting the first clinical trial by intravenous (IV) team nurses using the sonic flashlight (SF) for ultrasound guidance of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement. METHODS Two IV team nurses with more than 10 years of experience with placing PICCs and 3 to 6 years of experience with ultrasound attempted to place PICCs under ultrasound ...

INTRODUCTION Hemoglobin concentration is assessed to detect anemia and its associated morbidities. Hemoglobin is usually determined from venous or capillary blood samples run on a laboratory analyzer. However, this method requires a needle stick and results can be delayed. It also exposes caregivers to risks associated with needle sticks and blood exposure. Noninvasive hemoglobin determination ...

This paper investigated the efficiency of antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) and extract of green tea (EGT) on the reduction of acrylamide in fried bread sticks and summarized the optimal levels of two additives. Seven experimental groups including a control group were organized for both of additives. Fried bread sticks were made via traditional processing technology. The flour was mixed with d...

Q: there anything I can do to be more successful cannulating an upper arm fi s t u l a that rolls or retracts into the tissue upon attempted cannulation? Even stretching the skin does not help much. A: access is a hemodialysis patient’s lifeline, and successful cannulation is critical to the viability of the vascular access. One of the best ways to preserve the access is to try to make every ca...

From the perspective of probability theory, this study makes a mathematical model proverbs themselves or background stories reflected by them, carries out experiments and analyses, fully excavating philosophical, scientific, cultural connotations contained in proverbs, reveals relationship between “mathematics,” “philosophy,” “culture.” With interpretation common sayings show their charm tradit...

BACKGROUND Olfactory assessment is often neglected in clinical practice, although olfactory loss can assist in diagnosis and may lead to significant morbidity. "Sniffin' Sticks" is a modern test of nasal chemosensory performance that was developed in Germany and validated in many countries. Our aim was to validate the applicability of "Sniffin' Sticks" in a Turkish population. MATERIAL AND ME...