Contouring systems involve competing control objectives of maximising accuracy while minimising traversal time. A previously developed model predictive contouring controller for biaxial systems is extended to multi-axis systems subject to joint acceleration and jerk constraints. This requires consideration of manipulator forward kinematics and both position and orientation of the end effector. ...

BACKGROUND The indications for reduction of excessive submandibular gland volume in aesthetic rejuvenation of the neck have been well described, as has the surgical anatomy and the surgical technique. Despite this, submandibular gland reduction does not appear to be widely adopted, nor have significant case series been reported in the literature. This review of a consecutive series of aesthetic...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To recommend contouring methods and atlas of organs at risk (OARs) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy, in order to help reach a consensus on interpretations of OARs delineation. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two to four contouring methods for the middle ear, inner ear, temporal lobe, parotid gland and spinal cord were identifi...

This short presentation paper describes an exploration and the visualisation of virtual 3D compositions through custom developed software and fine art printmaking. The author, a trained and practising visual artist considers this innovative visualisation as an exploration into the newly emerging visual language of the computer in similar vein to some of the NPR artists. The comprehension of vir...

BACKGROUND Body contouring procedures following massive weight loss have become increasingly common and, unfortunately, continue to be associated with a high complication rate. OBJECTIVE To evaluate how weight loss method affects complications following abdominally based body contouring procedures. METHODS Patients undergoing abdominally based contouring procedures were retrospectively eval...

Treatment planning for high precision radiotherapy of head and neck (H&N) cancer patients requires accurate delineation of many critical structures. Manual contouring is tedious and often suffers from large interand intra-rater variability. To reduce manual labor, we have previously developed a fully automated, atlas-based method for H&N CT image segmentation [1, 2]. In this work, we adapt the ...

Aerospace, die, and mold industries utilize parts with sculptured surfaces, which are machined on five-axis computer numerical controlled machine tools. Accurate path tracking for contouring is not always possible along the desired space curves due to the loss of joint coordination during the five-axis motion. This two-part paper presents modeling and robust control of contouring errors for fiv...

443 Pneumomediastinum is a rare complication that occurs after facial bone contouring surgery. However, it is considered as a life-threatening complication, and it is difficult to prevent pneumomediastinum as it occurs due to unknown or unexpected reasons. There are two suggestive causes of pneumomediastinum that occurs in association with facial bone contouring surgery. First, pneumomediastinu...