Natural ventilation of buildings is the flow generated by temperature differences and by the wind. The governing feature of this flow is the exchange between an interior space and the external ambient. Although the wind may often appear to be the dominant driving mechanism, in many circumstances temperature variations play a controlling feature on the ventilation since the directional buoyancy ...

Buildings and their related activities are responsible for a large portion of the energy consumed in China. It is therefore worthwhile to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. This paper describes a low energy building design in Hangzhou, south China. A hybrid ventilation system which employs both natural and mechanical ventilation was used for the building due to the severity of the clim...

One of the main architectural characteristics in the central area of Iran is the relation between life and climatic conditions; e.g., the four-seasonal house which is a typical kind of the central-yard house. As the climate of Isfahan is more pleasant than other desert regions in the central part of Iran, wind towers are replaced with skylights to ventilate the pool area of hoze-khane. So far, ...

introduction: tuberculosis (tb), with different types of respiratory tract involvements, has a high rate of mortality all around the world. endobronchial involvement, which is a slightly common tuberculous infection, requires special attention due to its severe complications such as bronchostenosis. aim of study of this study was describes, one type of pulmonary tuberculosis with less diagnosed...

The article presents a method for determining the size of supply and exhaust openings to ensure effective aeration barn in calm weather. results multivariate calculations ventilation air flow rates two modes are given: with organization slot full opening openings.

As most existing office buildings in China lack fresh air systems for ventilation, natural ventilation with windows remains the main means of improving indoor quality and adjusting thermal comfort. However, knowledge characteristics various window-opening forms actual is limited current methods evaluating performance a comprehensive consideration rate In this study, different were systematicall...