Due to current and future anticipated widespread use of thin silicon wafers in the microelectronics industry, there is a large and growing interest in laser-based wafer dicing solutions. As the wafers become thinner, the laser advantage over saw dicing increases in terms of both the speed and yield of the process. Furthermore, managing the laser heat input during the dicing process becomes more...

Walking rates to school remain low for U.S. children in large part due to parent concern for child safety. Little research has investigated the specific features of streets and intersection networks that parents associate with safe walking networks for children. To investigate which aspects of the child walking environment lead to parental concern, parent volunteers conducted an audit of street...

We propose a novel approach to selection of important streets from a network, based on the technique of a self-organizing map (SOM), an artificial neural network algorithm for data clustering and visualization. Using the SOM training process, the approach derives a set of neurons by considering multiple attributes including topological, geometric and semantic properties of streets. The set of n...

This paper proposes a novel generalisation model for selecting characteristic streets in an urban street network. This model retains the central structure of a street network, it relies on a structural representation of a street network using graph principles where vertices represent named streets and links represent street intersections. Based on this representation, so-called connectivity gra...

one of the most important issues in today&rsquos; urban world is increasing use of cars and its noise pollution, which is now one of the most important affecting pollutants on health and quality of lives of residents in urban areas. noise pollution effects on various aspects of human and the community health as well as the high cost of treatment, thus more studies in this field is needed. hence...

pedestrian streets as one type of urban public spaces have an important role in improving the quality of urban life. in iran, planning and designing of pedestrian streets is in its primary steps. in spite of starting this approach in iran, and designing several pedestrian streets, there are still not organized studies about quality assessment of pedestrian streets. as a result, the strength and...