Two nanofiltration membranes, a Dow NF 270 polyamide thin film and a TriSep TS 80 polyamide thin film, were investigated for their retention of ionic species when filtering mine influenced water streams at a range of acidic pH values. The functional iso-electric point of the membranes, characterized by changes in retention over a small pH range, were examined by filtering solutions of sodium su...

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have heterogeneous structures which are suspected carcinogens as a result of reactions between NOMs (Natural Organic Matter) and oxidants/disinfectants such as chlorine. Because of variability in DBPs characteristics, eliminate completely from drinking water by single technique is impossible. The current article reviews removal of the precursors and DBPs by diffe...

Nanofiltration is a promising solution for the removal of emerging and persistent micropollutants, but it limited by operating expenses due to high membrane areas operational pressures, dictated membrane’s low molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO), formation large amounts concentrate be treated, e.g. advanced oxidation. In this paper, simple proposed enhance retention micropollutants adding cyclodex...

The removal mechanisms of four natural steroid hormones-estradiol, estrone, testosterone, and progesterone-by nanofiltration (NF) membranes were investigated. Two nanofiltration membranes with quite different permeabilities and salt retention characteristics were utilized. To better understand hormone removal mechanisms, the membrane average pore size was determined from retention data of inert...

Treatment of landfill leachate is challenging, due to its characteristics such as age, dumping place, composition and origin of wastes. For this reason, the application of hybrid processes is helpful for complete treatment of contaminants present in the leachates. The addition of membrane operations to biological treatment technology offers new advantages for this method. For this aim, a bench-...

This study investigates the retention mechanisms of three pharmaceuticals-sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, and ibuprofen-by nanofiltration (NF) membranes. Laboratory-scale experiments were carried out with two well-characterized NF membranes, with the goal of relating pharmaceutical retention behavior to membrane characteristics, physicochemical properties of the pharmaceutical molecules, and s...

The present study investigated the performance of a self-made nanofiltration (NF) membrane for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater under changing operating conditions such as pH, initial feed concentration, operating pressure, and temperature. Amoxicillin (AMX) was used as one of the commonly prescribed antibiotics. A self-made NF membrane containing Polyethersulfone (PES), and Polyvinyl...

uv-induced grafting technique was used as a flexible method for surface modification of polysulfone (psf) ultrafiltration (uf) membranes in order to prepare hydrophilic nanofiltration (nf) membranes. flat sheet polysulfone (psf) ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via phase inversion method. n-methylene-2-pyrrolidone (nmp) and polyethylene glycol (peg) of three different molecular weights (...

nanofiltration-based separation processes have found diverse applications in industrial and environmentalproblems recently, due to several advantages such as lower energy requirement and elevated flux ratescompared with their reverse osmosis (ro) counterparts. several attempts have been made for modellingnf-based separation processes ranging from rigorous space-charge approaches to simpler irre...