In primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes from rat brain, the cellular contents of K+ and Na+ were used to assess plasma membrane permeability in response to osmotic shock. In contrast to trypan blue exclusion, the measure of ionic content reflected both transient and permanent membrane damage, and was also applicable to aggregates of cells. In steady state, the neurons and glia exhibited a...

This study was carried out in the Ravar plain, a typical arid zone in southeastern Iran, with the objectives of evaluating hydrochemical quality of the groundwater resources and identifying the processes that modify the groundwater composition. Groundwater samples were collected from representative wells spread over the study area. Major cations and anions along with physico-chemical parameters...

re-vegetation of bare soil is believed to increase, or at least maintain the organic matter levels of soil. the aim of this study was to investigate the soil characteristics changes, nutrient pool sizes and their availability under mid canopy, and canopy gap positions of saltbush in an area re-vegetated with atriplex lentiformis. some of the physical and chemical soil characteristics (the parti...

      Statins have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that are not directly related to their cholesterol-lowering activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of simvastatin on the extent of tissue damage in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Simvastatin was orally given to rats in different doses (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg), 1 h prior to cisplatin injection (5 mg/kg, i.p.). All animals we...

Salinity is a major limitation ecological factor for plant development in arid and semi-arid regions. The ionic imbalance, deficiency of nutrients and degradation of plant metabolites are caused by saline conditions, are affected by the reduction ratio of potassium (K) then sodium (Na). In this research foliar applications of humic acid (HA) for improve the absorption of K under salt stress was...

Waxapple (Syzygium samarngense Merr.et Perry) is an important tropical fruit in Taiwan. The famous producing area is located on the coast in Pingtung County. Land subsidence and climate change will tend to soil alkalization more seriously. This study was to evaluate the effects of NaCl in waxapple seedlings. NaCl salinity reduced waxapple shoot growth; it may due to reducing relative water cont...

A study was made of sodium efflux from squid giant axon, and its sensitivity to external K and Na. When sodium efflux from untreated axons was strongly stimulated by K(o), Na(o) was inhibitory; when dependence on K(o) was low, Na(o) had a stimulatory effect. Incipient CN poisoning or apyrase injection, which produces high intracellular levels of ADP(1) and P(i), rendered sodium efflux less depe...

Photosynthetic characteristics, leaf ionic content, and net fluxes of Na(+), K(+), and Cl(-) were studied in barley (Hordeum vulgare L) plants grown hydroponically at various Na/Ca ratios. Five weeks of moderate (50 mM) or high (100 mM) NaCl stress caused a significant decline in chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and stomatal conductance (g(s)) in plant leaves grown...

Schweigel, Monika, Hi-Sung Park, Benjamin Etschmann, and Holger Martens. Characterization of the Na -dependent Mg transport in sheep ruminal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 290: G56–G65, 2006. First published August 18, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00014.2005.—This study examines the routes by which Mg leaves cultured ovine ruminal epithelial cells (REC). Mg -loaded (6 mM) ...

Developing and deploying cotton cultivars with high nutrient uptake, use efficiency and tolerance to nutrient related soil stresses is desirable to assist sustainable soil management. Genetic variation, heritability, selection response and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were investigated for five macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and five micronutrients (Fe, Mn, B, Zn, and Cu) in a recombinant i...