Objective: The purpose of this study is to find the optimum training conditions for selective strengthening of the vastus medialis oblique muscle over vastus lateralis. Methods: For this purpose, a musculoskeletal model of lower limb was developed by OpenSim software. Using a detailed tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint modeling and six muscular branches for components of quadriceps femori...

Background: Muscle fatigue can change the muscle activation pattern during running and causes some disorders in running biomechanics. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of muscle fatigue on electromyographic activation pattern and co-contractions of lower extremity muscles during running. Methods: Fourteen males (age: 23.76±2.14 years, weight: 78.45±2.54 kg, hei...

abstract the purpose of this study is twofold: on the one hand, it is intended to see what kind of noticing-the –gap activity (teacher generated vs. learner generated) is more efficient in teaching l2 grammar in classroom language learning. on the other hand, it is an attempt to determine which approach of the noticing-the-gap- activity is more effective in the long- term retention of grammar...

introduction: diabetes mellitus is an growing national and international public health concern. the number of people affected by diabetes in world by 2030 will be 69% in developing countries. regular physical activity plays a key role in the management of type 2 diabetes melitus, particularly glycemic control. it has been recommended that peoples with type 2 diabetes participate in moderate-int...

Objective: Parkinson Disease (PD) is a progressive deficit of central nervous system. This disease can affect gait performance. The objective of this study was to assessment the range of motion and muscle activity of lower limbs in a PD patient and a normal elderly subject.   Methods: one patient with PD (height=173 cm, weight=63 kg, age 53 years) and one normal elderly subject (height=1...

  Background and Objectives: Abdominal muscles' strength has a large impact on the trunk, sustains static, and reduces the pressure on the lumbar spine. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the motor unit electrical activity of the abdominal muscles during different positions of sit-up.   Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on valunter fifteen part...

  Background : Bone mineral density reduction is a problem that can lead to osteoporosis. Physical activity can be effective on the prevention of osteoporosis by some mechanisms such as changing in anthropometrics variables. The goal of this study was to evaluate bone mass density and some of anthropometrics variables and their relationship in athletes and non-athletes men.   Methods : Thirty a...

Objective: In a non-experimental, case-control study the abdominal muscles activities during abdominal hollowing exercise in supine and four points kneeling position were investigated in males suffering from non-specific chronic low back pain compare with healthy volunteers. Materials & Methods : Twenty males suffering from non-specific chronic low back pain (mean age 39.9 years) and twenty ...