We develop the theory of Chern-Simons bundle 2-gerbes and multiplicative bundle gerbes associated to any principal G-bundle with connection and a class in H(BG, Z) for a compact semi-simple Lie group G. The ChernSimons bundle 2-gerbe realises differential geometrically the Cheeger-Simons invariant. We apply these notions to refine the Dijkgraaf-Witten correspondence between three dimensional Ch...

the unit group of AK but has a finer topology (using the restricted product topology ensures that a 7→ a−1 is continuous, which is not true of the subspace topology). As a topological group, IK is locally compact and Hausdorff. The multiplicative group K× is canonically embedded as a discrete subgroup of IK via the diagonal map x 7→ (x, x, x, . . .), and the idele class group is the quotient CK...

We study linear rough differential equations and we solve perturbed linear rough differential equation using the Duhamel principle. These results provide us with the key technical point to study the regularity of the differential of the Itô map in a subsequent article. Also, the notion of linear rough differential equations leads to consider multiplicative functionals with values in Banach alge...

The 3x + 1 semigroup is the multiplicative semigroup S of positive rational numbers generated by { 2k+1 3k+2 : k ≥ 0} together with {2}. This semigroup encodes backwards iteration under the 3x + 1 map, and the 3x + 1 conjecture implies that it contains every positive integer. This semigroup is proved to be the set of positive rationals a b in lowest terms with b 6≡ 0( mod 3), and so contains al...

We characterize all compact and Hausdorff spaces X which satisfy that for every multiplicative bijection φ on C(X, I), there exist a homeomorphism μ : X −→ X and a continuous map p : X −→ (0,+∞) such that φ(f)(x) = f(μ(x)) for every f ∈ C(X, I) and x ∈ X. This allows us to disprove a conjecture of Marovt (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 134 (2006), 1065-1075). Some related results on other semigroups of...

A coupled map lattice of generalized Lotka-Volterra equations in the presence of colored multiplicative noise is used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of three interacting species: one predator and two preys symmetrically competing each other. The correlation of the species concentration over the grid as a function of time and of the noise intensity is investigated. The presence of noise...

Todeschini et al. have recently suggested to consider multiplicative variants of additive graph invariants, which applied to the Zagreb indices would lead to the multiplicative Zagreb indices of a graph G, denoted by ( ) 1  G and ( ) 2  G , under the name first and second multiplicative Zagreb index, respectively. These are define as     ( ) 2 1 ( ) ( ) v V G G G d v and ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2...

x10 Figure 1 Sagittal slices of a phantom (1 row) and sagittal and axial slices of two subjects (2 and3 row) representing the: (a) frequency shift maps, Δω, as measured from the multiple echo before oxygen modulation; (b) frequency shift map attributed to oxygen, Δωoxy (difference between Δω at minimum and maximum oxygen concentration, multiplied by 10 facilitate visualization); (c) frequency s...

The paper presented a transient population dynamics of phase singularities in 2D Beeler-Reuter model. Two stochastic modelings are examined: (i) the Master equation approach with the transition rate (i.e., λ(n, t) = λ(t)n and μ(n, t) = μ(t)n) and (ii) the nonlinear Langevin equation approach with a multiplicative noise. The exact general solution of the Master equation with arbitrary time-depen...

Estimation of noise contained within a remote sensing image is essential in order to counter the effects of noise contamination. The application of convolution data-masking techniques can effectively portray the influence of noise. In this paper, we describe the performance of a developed noise-estimation technique using data masking in the presence of simulated additive and multiplicative nois...